THE ROLE OF GEODYNAMIC PROCESSES IN THE FORMATION OF DEPOSITS IN THE ANGARA-KOVYKTA OIL AND GAS ACCUMULATION ZONE (EASTERN SIBERIA)

The analysis has been made on the modern data about the Neoproterozoic – Early Paleozoic geodynamic evolution of the southern flank of the Siberian Platform in order to identify the probable time and place of formation of hydrocarbons in sedimentary basins and their further migration from the foci of oil and gas formation to the zones of their accumulation, namely to the sedimentary deposits of the Chora formation of the Vendian Moty group (productive Parfenovo horizon). The conditions for the accumulation of hydrocarbons could arise in sedimentary basins of the passive margin of the Siberian craton, formed in the Neoproterozoic (710–650 Ma) after the breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia, separation of the Siberian craton therefrom and opening of the Paleoasian Ocean, as well as in the peripheral foreland basin, formed after the transformation of this passive margin at about 610 Ma ago. In the Baikal part of the Siberian Platform, the accumulation of hydrocarbon-containing sediments could occur in the rocks of the Uluntuy and Kachergat formations of the Baikal group, formed in the basin of the passive continental margin and the foreland basin, respectively. As a result of the large-scale Late Cambrian-Ordovician accretion-collision events that mark the formation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, hydrocarbons migrated westward from the Vendian deposits of the Uluntuy and Kachergat formations to the sedimentary sequences of the Chora formation of the Moty group, having formed the deposits of the Angara-Kovykta oil and gas accumulation zone (Angara-Lena oil and gas bearing region). Since over 90 % of the world hydrocarbon reserves are confined to sedimentary sequences of passive margins and foreland basins, it can be assumed that the proposed hypothesis may explain the nature of the origin of hydrocarbons, their migration, and accumulation in the deposits of the Angara-Lena oil and gas region. Subsequent processes, which significantly affected the redistribution of hydrocarbons specifically within this oil and gas region, were caused by neotectonic activation, which contributed to the formation of deposits in the Angara-Kovykta oil and gas accumulation zone.

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