Recent anomalous deformation of the ground surface in fault zones: shear or tensile faulting?
https://doi.org/10.5800/GT-2018-9-3-0379
Abstract
Various definitions of the kinematic types of faults are reviewed. The degree of symmetry in the distribution of anomalous displacements of the ground surface is proposed as a morphological criterion for identifying the types of faults based on geodetic observations. Local anomalies of vertical displacements identified by geodetic observations in the fault zones are analysed by types. It is revealed that 88 % of the analysed anomalies show local symmetrical subsidence of the ground surface near the faults. Morphologically, these anomalies correspond to the subvertical tensile faults. Mechanisms of three types (block, dislocation, and parametric) are discussed considering the formation of the observed displacements in the zones of activation of the tensile faults. A comparison of the calculated and observed displacements of the ground surface shows that the best consistency between the theory and the observations is achieved using the model of local parametric excitation of deformation under quasi-static regional loads and the theory of strain nuclei (soft inclusions).
About the Author
Yu. O. Kuzmin
O.Yu. Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Yuri O. Kuzmin, Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, Professor, Head of Laboratory
10 Bol’shaya Gruzinskaya street, Moscow D-242 123242, GSP-5,
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Review
For citations:
Kuzmin Yu.O. Recent anomalous deformation of the ground surface in fault zones: shear or tensile faulting? Geodynamics & Tectonophysics. 2018;9(3):967-987. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.5800/GT-2018-9-3-0379
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