AGE AND FORMATION CONDITIONS OF ROCKS IN THE OLKHON COMPLEX OF THE ANGA-SAKHYURTA ZONE (OLKHON TERRANE, CENTRAL ASIAN OROGENIC BELT)

The paper presents detailed petrographic, geochemical, Sm-Nd isotope studies, as well as U-Pb (LA-ICPMS) geochronological studies of detrital zircon grains from gneisses of the Olkhon complex, distributed together with marbles and quartzites in the Anga-Sakhyurta zone of the Olkhon terrane of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Among the gneisses are scapolite-pyroxene-plagioclase, biotite-pyroxene-amphibole-plagioclase, garnet-biotite-amphibole-plagioclase, and pyroxene-amphibole-biotite-plagioclase varieties. Based on the concentrations of major oxides, the gneiss protoliths are reconstructed as carbonaceous, ferruginous siltstones and argillites, and as carbonate siltstones. The concentrations of most of the rare elements and their ratios in gneisses, including La/Sc, Zr/Sc, Th/Co, Ti/Zr, imply they may have resulted from mixing of mafic and felsic igneous rock materials. The analyzed gneisses have ɛ_Nd(t) values of +1.3 and –5.6, which may indicate that the rocks of one composition or another contribute differently to their source. The age of most of the detrital zircon grains in scapolite-pyroxene-plagioclase gneiss varies from 552 to 922 Ma with maxima at 620 and 780 Ma. On the basis of the youngest detrital zircon age (552±8 Ma) and the age of metamorphism of the rocks of the Anga-Sakhyurta zone (460‒490 Ma), it may be concluded that the accumulation of sedimentary protoliths of the rocks of the Olkhon complex took place there during the interval 550 to 490 Ma. The totality of geochronological data on the gneisses from the Olkhon and Shebarta complexes of the Anga-Sakhyurta zone implies age-related similarity in the accumulation of protoliths of metamorphic rocks of both complexes (Cambrian), as well as their formation as a result of the destruction of similar, predominantly Neoproterozoic source rocks, which could be rocks of the Neoproterozoic composite superterrane, attached to the Siberian Craton at the 600‒610 Ma. The accumulation of sedimentary protoliths of the Olkhon and Shebarta complexes took place in a single marine basin facing away from the Neoproterozoic superterrane towards the Paleo-Asian Ocean. On the basis that metagabbroids and metahyperbasites with subduction-related geochemical characteristics are associated with the metasedimentary rocks of the Olkhon complex, this sedimentary basin can be considered as a back-arc basin that emerged as a result of initiation of subduction zones in the Paleo-Asian Ocean. Late Cambrian – Ordovician accretionary-collisional events associated with the accretion of island-arc systems of the Paleo-Asian Ocean to the Siberian Craton, as well as the accompanying shear tectogenesis, led to a violation in the initial location of rock associations of the Olkhon and Shebarta complexes, their tectonic mixing, and, accordingly, to the formation of the collisional collage of the Anga-Sakhyurta zone of the Olkhon terrane of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt.

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