References

gtcrust

Геодинамика и тектонофизика

Geodynamics & Tectonophysics

2078-502X

Institute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch

10.5800/GT-2019-10-1-0406

gtcrust-771

Research Article

ПАЛЕОГЕОДИНАМИКА

PALEOGEODYNAMICS

ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЕ И СТРОЕНИЕ НИЖНЕЙ КОРЫ ОКЕАНОВ И ЗАДУГОВЫХ МОРЕЙ: СВИДЕТЕЛЬСТВА ПО ВПАДИНЕ МАРКОВА (СРЕДИННО-АТЛАНТИЧЕСКИЙ ХРЕБЕТ) И ВОЙКАРСКОЙ ОФИОЛИТОВОЙ АССОЦИАЦИИ (ПОЛЯРНЫЙ УРАЛ)

THE ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE OF THE LOWER CRUST OF OCEANS AND BACK-ARC SEAS: EVIDENCE FROM THE MARKOV DEEP (MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE) AND THE VOIKAR OPHIOLITE ASSOCIATION (POLAR URALS)

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7344-6810

Шарков

Е. В.

Sharkov

E. V.

119017, Москва, Старомонетный пер., 35

35 Staromonetnyi per., Moscow 109017

sharkov@igem.ru

Институт геологии рудных месторождений, петрографии, минералогии и геохимии РАНРоссияInstitute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of RASRussian Federation

2019

21032019

101101121

2019

Шарков Е.В.

Sharkov E.V.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/771

На примере впадины Маркова (осевая часть медленно-спредингового Срединно-Атлантического хребта, 6° с.ш., внутренний океанический комплекс Сьерра-Леоне) и палеозойской Войкарской офиолитовой ассоциации (Полярный Урал), формировавшейся в условиях задугового моря, показано, что в обоих случаях нижняя кора имеет сходное строение и формировалась на фундаменте, сложенном деплетированными перидотитами древней литосферной мантии. Согласно имеющимся данным, ведущую роль в составе нижней коры океанов и задуговых морей играют расслоенные мафит-ультрамафитовые интрузивы, произошедшие из расплавов типа MORB, что предполагает сходный астеносферный источник магм. Вторым элементом строения нижней океанической коры являются силлы и дайки, образовавшиеся за счет других источников магм. В случае океана они сложены преимущественно феррогабброидами, произошедшими за счет специфических расплавов с участием OIB, а в задуговом море – габбро-норитами надсубдукционной известково-щелочной серии. Верхняя кора в обоих случаях образована более поздними излияниями базальтов, связанными с новыми эпизодами развития этих тектонических структур. Как было показано ранее [Sharkov, 2012], развитие медленно-спрединговых хребтов происходит дискретными пульсами и не одновременно по всей их длине. При этом внутренние океанические комплексы (ВОК) в их осевых частях как раз и представляют cобой сегменты хребта, где происходит возобновление спрединга. На стадии формирования ВОК новообразованный базальтовый расплав поднимается из зоны генерации магм по трещинам (дайкам) сквозь литосферную мантию и наращивает существующую нижнюю кору в форме силлов, а по мере развития на данном участке зоны спрединга - снизу, путем андерплейтинга в форме крупных расслоенных интрузивов; новообразованные реститы, в свою очередь, наращивают снизу литосферную мантию. Образование нижней коры в задуговых морях, по-видимому, происходило по сходному сценарию, но осложнялось процессами в зоне субдукции.

The Markov Deep (the axial part of the slow-spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 6°N, Sierra Leone oceanic core complex) and the Paleozoic Voikar ophiolite association (Polar Urals) formed in the back-arc sea conditions. In both cases, the lower crust of a close structure was formed on the basements composed ofdepleted peridotites of the ancient lithospheric mantle. The available data show that the composition of the lower crust of the oceans and back-arc seas is dominated by layeredmafic-ultramafic intrusions originating from the MORB melts, and suggest a similar asthenospheric source of magmas. Sills and dykes formed from other magma sources represent the second structural element of the lower oceanic crust: in case of the ocean, mainly ferrogabbroids originating from specific melts with the OIB involvement, and, in case of the back-sea sea, gabbro-norites of the supra-subduction calc-alkaline series. In both cases, the upper crust originates frombasaltic flows that occurred later and are associated with new episodes in the tectonic development. According to [Sharkov, 2012], the development of slow-spreading ridges takes place in discrete impulses and non-simultaneously along their entire length. Furthermore, oceanic core complexes (OCC) in their axial parts are the ridge segments, where spreading is resumed. At the OCC stage, newly formed basalt melts move upwards from the magma generation zone into fractures (dykes) through the lithospheric mantle, and the thickness of the lower crust is built up by sills. As spreading develops in this area, the crust becomes thicker from below due to underplating in form of large layered intrusions. The newly formed restites, in their turn, cause an increase in the lithospheric mantle thickness from below. Apparently, the lower crust formed in the back-arc seas according to a similar scenario, although complicated by the processes taking place in the subduction zone.

медленно-спрединговый хребетвнутренний океанический комплекснижняя корарасслоенный мафит-ультрамафитовый интрузивзадуговый спредингандерплейтинг

slow-spreading ridgeoceanic core complex (OCC)lower crustlayered mafic-ultramafic intrusionback-arc spreadingunderplating

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.