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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gtcrust</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геодинамика и тектонофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geodynamics &amp; Tectonophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2078-502X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5800/GT-2018-9-3-0366</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gtcrust-619</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕКТОНОФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECTONOPHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПЕРИОДИЧЕСКОЙ АКТИВИЗАЦИИ РАЗЛОМА В СЕЙСМИЧЕСКОЙ ЗОНЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PHYSICAL MODELING EXPERIMENTS TO STUDY PERIODIC ACTIVATION OF FAULTS IN SEISMIC ZONES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5119-1092</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борняков</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bornyakov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Александрович Борняков, канд. геол.-мин. наук, с.н.с </p><p>664033, Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 128; 664003, Иркутск, ул. Ленина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei A. Bornyakov, Candidate of Geology and Mineralogy, Senior Researcher</p><p>128 Lermontov street, Irkutsk 664033; 3 Lenin street, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bornyak@crust.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7430-3667</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пантелеев</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panteleev</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Алексеевич Пантелеев, канд. физ.-мат. наук, с.н.с.</p><p>614013, Пермь, ул. Академика Королева, 1,</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan A. Panteleev, Candidate of Physics and Mathematics, Senior Researcher1 Academician Korolev street, Perm 614013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pia@icmm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6239-1412</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черемных</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cheremnykh</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Викторович Черемных, канд. геол.-мин. наук, с. н. с.664033, Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 128</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Cheremnykh, Candidate of Geology and Mineralogy, Senior Researcher128 Lermontov street, Irkutsk 664033</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cherem@crust.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каримова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karimova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Алексеевна Каримова, ведущий инженер664033, Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 128</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastassia A. Karimova, Lead Engineer</p><p>128 Lermontov street, Irkutsk 664033</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт земной коры СО РАН; &#13;
Иркутский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of the Earth's Crust, Siberian Branch of RAS; &#13;
Irkutsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт механики сплошных сред УрО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch of RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт земной коры СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of the Earth's Crust, Siberian Branch of RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>653</fpage><lpage>670</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Борняков С.А., Пантелеев И.А., Черемных А.В., Каримова А.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Борняков С.А., Пантелеев И.А., Черемных А.В., Каримова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bornyakov S.A., Panteleev I.A., Cheremnykh A.V., Karimova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/619">https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/619</self-uri><abstract><p>С целью поиска механизма, управляющего подготовкой и последующей полной сейсмической активизацией крупных разломов как источников сильных землетрясений, выполнено физическое моделирование деформационной динамики крупного разлома в упруговязкопластичной и упругой моделях литосферы. Моделируемый процесс фотографировался цифровой камерой с последующей компьютерной обработкой методом корреляции цифровых изображений (digital image correlation, DIC). Результаты обработки показали, что в моменты импульсной активизации происходит реализация смещений по всему разрыву или на его большей части. Между такими активизациями разрыв имеет сегментную структуру с направленной эволюцией активных сегментов – от нескольких крупных сегментов к многочисленным мелким с постепенным вырождением последних. Долговременная деформационная динамика разрыва представлена закономерной последовательностью его полных активизаций. Установлено, что моментам таких активизаций в большинстве случаев соответствуют минимальные значения угла наклона графика повторяемости (β) и максимальные значения информационной энтропии (Si). Детальный анализ динамики деформаций на разрыве и в его крыльях между двумя полными активизациями показал, что они происходят закономерно в рамках регрессивной и прогрессивной фаз деформационного процесса с проявлением двух одноименных сценариев эволюции активных сегментов и пластических микросдвигов в их пределах. Установлено, что деформационная активность сегментов и пластических микросдвигов на отдельных временных интервалах существенно отличается. Из этого следует, что при статистических прогнозных оценках зоны крупных сейсмоопасных разломов следует пространственно подразделять на центральную узкую подзону с магистральной плоскостью сместителя и две обрамляющие ее внешние широкие подзоны в его крыльях. С учетом результатов физического моделирования ширина центральной подзоны может составлять до10 км, а суммарная ширина всех подзон – до100 км и более. В целом, результаты экспериментов способствуют развитию представлений о геодинамике крупных разломов в сейсмических зонах литосферы и показывают один из возможных механизмов подготовки в них сильных землетрясений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Our study aimed to find a mechanism that controls preparation and subsequent full seismic activation of large faults that may act as sources of strong earthquakes. A large fault was physically modeled to investigate the dynamics of its deformation. The experiments were conducted on elastoviscoplastic and elastic models of the lithosphere. A digital camera was used to capture images in the course of the modeling experiments. The digital image correlation method (DIC) detected the moments of impulse activation and displacements along the entire fault or its major segment. Between the activation moments, the fault structure consists of segments, including active ones. Activation is directional and involves a few large segments of the fault, then numerous small ruptures, and the latter are gradually degenerating. The long-term deformation dynamics of the fault is represented by a regular sequence of its full activations. In most cases, each moment of activation correlates with a minimum dip angle of the repeatability curve (β) and a maximum value of information entropy (Si). We analysed in detail the deformation dynamics of the fault and in its wings between two full activation that occurred in a regular pattern, including the phases of regression and progression of the deformation process. The analysis revealed two similar scenarios in the evolution of the active segments and plastic micro slip faults within the active segments. In some intervals of time, deformation takes place considerably differently on the segments and the plastic micro slip faults. Such differences suggest that in the studies attempting to statistically predict and assess a large and potentially seismically hazardous fault zone, this zone should be considered spatially subdivided into a central narrow subzone (including the main fault plane) and two wide subzones framing the fault wings. According to our physical modeling results, the central subzone can be up to10 km wide, and the total width of all the subzones can amount to100 km or more. This study contributes to the development of the concepts of geodynamics of large faults in the seismic zones of the lithosphere and investigates one of the possible mechanisms preparing strong earthquakes in the seismic zones.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>физическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>разлом</kwd><kwd>сегментация</kwd><kwd>сейсмогенная активизация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>physical modeling</kwd><kwd>fault</kwd><kwd>segmentation</kwd><kwd>seismogenic activation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aki K., 1965. Maximum likelihood estimate of b in the formula logN=a–bM and its confidence limits. Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute, Tokyo University 43, 237–239.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aki K., 1965. Maximum likelihood estimate of b in the formula logN=a–bM and its confidence limits. 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