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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gtcrust</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геодинамика и тектонофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geodynamics &amp; Tectonophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2078-502X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5800/GT-2014-5-2-0137</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gtcrust-49</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕКТОНОФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECTONOPHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>НАПРЯЖЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ЛИТОСФЕРЫ ЯПОНИИ ПЕРЕД КАТАСТРОФИЧЕСКИМ ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЕМ ТОХОКУ 11.03.2011 Г.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE STATE OF STRESSES OF THE LITHOSPHERE IN JAPAN BEFORE THE CATASTROPHIC TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE OF 11 MARCH 2011</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ребецкий</surname><given-names>Ю. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rebetsky</surname><given-names>Yu. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. физ.-мат. наук, зав. лабораторией тектонофизики им. М.В. Гзовского Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН 123995, ГСП­5, Москва Д­242, ул. Большая Грузинская, 10, Россия Тел.: 849925493050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, Head of M.V. Gzovsky Laboratory of Tectonophysics Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, RAS 10 Bol’shaya Gruzinskaya street, Moscow D­242 123995, GSP­5, Russia Tel.: 849925493050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">reb@ifz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полец</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polets</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. физ.­мат. наук, м.н.с. Институт морской геологии и геофизики ДВО РАН 693022, Южно­Сахалинск, ул. Науки, 1б, Россия Тел.: 89242833454</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Physics and Mathematics, Junior Researcher Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Far East Branch of RAS 1b Nauka street, Yuzhno­Sakhalinsk 693022, Russia Tel.: 89242833454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polec84@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта &#13;
РАН, Москва, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS, Moscow, Russia </institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт морской геологии и геофизики ДВО РАН, Южно­Сахалинск, Россия </institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Far East Branch of RAS, Yuzhno­Sakhalinsk, Russia </institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>09</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>2</issue><elocation-id>469–506</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ребецкий Ю.Л., Полец А.Ю., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ребецкий Ю.Л., Полец А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rebetsky Y.L., Polets A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/49">https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/49</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе представлены результаты тектонофизической реконструкции поля тектонических напряжений для северо-западного фланга Тихоокеанской сейсмофокальной области в районе подготовки очага землетрясения Тохоку 2011 г. Реконструкция опиралась на сейсмологические данные о механизмах очагов землетрясений в период, предшествовавший катастрофическому землетрясению. Поле напряжений, в котором формировался очаг землетрясения Тохоку, имело высокий уровень градиента вдоль погружения сейсмофокальной области. Установлено, что развитие очага этого землетрясения происходило в области сочленения участков коры с высоким и низким уровнем эффективного давления. На глубинах, близких к 30 км, присутствовала обширная область пониженного уровня эффективного давления, которая является наиболее предпочтительной для развития хрупкого разрушения. Большая протяженность землетрясения Тохоку нами связывается с большой протяженностью участков коры с высоким уровнем градиента напряжений, расположенных вдоль всего восточного участка коры о. Хонсю.</p><p>Реконструкция напряжений также показала, что ось Японского океанического желоба разделяет сейсмофокальную область на зоны горизонтального сжатия (к западу) и горизонтального растяжения (к востоку). Наши расчеты показывают, что наибольший уровень латерального сжатия наблюдается в коре на глубинах 0–20 км к западу от оси желоба. Здесь оси максимального латерального сжатия ориентированы ортогонально оси желоба. К востоку от оси желоба ортогонально ему ориентированы оси наименьшего горизонтального сжатия. При этом скачок в уровне напряжений при переходе через Японский желоб составляет около 5–8 значений внутреннего сцепления (t f) пород. Для Идзу-Бонинского желоба этот скачок менее выражен, хотя явно существует и составляет 3–5 t f.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents results of tectonophysical methods applied to reconstruct tectonic stress field of the north-western flank of the Pacific Ocean seismic focal zone in the region wherein the 2011 Tohoku earthquake was prepared. The reconstructions are based on earthquake foci data for the time period before the catastrophic seismic event. The field of stresses, wherein the Tohoku earthquake focus was formed, had a high gradient along the dip of the seismic focal zone. It is revealed that the focus developed in the junction area of the crust segments with high and low levels of effective pressure. A wide area of lower effective pressure was located at depths close to 30 km, and it was the most susceptible to brittle fracture. In our opinion, the area impacted by the Tohoku earthquake is large due to a large length of the crustal segments with the high gradient of stresses, which are located along the eastern part of the crust of the Honshu Island.</p><p>The stress reconstruction also shows that the axis of the Japan oceanic trough divides the seismic focal zone into areas of horizontal compression (westward) and horizontal extension (eastwards). According to our calculations, lateral compression is the highest at the crustal depths up to 20 km westward of the trough’s axis, where maximum lateral compression axes are oriented orthogonally to the trough’s strike. Eastward of the trough’s axis, minimum horizontal compression axes are oriented orthogonally to the trough’s strike. At the crossing point of the Japan trough, a sharp changing of stress is by a factor of 5 to 8 of internal cohesion of rocks, τf. This sharp changing of stress is lower for the Izu-Bonin trough and varies from 3 to 5 τf.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тектонофизические реконструкции</kwd><kwd>землетрясение</kwd><kwd>механизм очага</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tectonophysical reconstructions</kwd><kwd>earthquake</kwd><kwd>earthquake focus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Angelier J., 1990. Inversion field data in fault tectonics to obtain the regional stress - III. A new rapid direct inversion method by analytical means. Geophysical Journal International 103 (2), 363-376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365- 246X.1990.tb01777.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Angelier J., 1990. Inversion field data in fault tectonics to obtain the regional stress - III. A new rapid direct inversion method by analytical means. 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