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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gtcrust</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геодинамика и тектонофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geodynamics &amp; Tectonophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2078-502X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5800/GT-2017-8-4-0329</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gtcrust-483</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕКТОНОФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECTONOPHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПЕРВЫЙ ОПЫТ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ГЕОДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ МЕХАНИЗМОВ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ СКЛАДЧАТОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ФАКТОРНОГО АНАЛИЗА ЕЕ ПАРАМЕТРОВ (БОЛЬШОЙ КАВКАЗ)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE FIRST EXPERIENCE IN DIAGNOSING THE GEODYNAMIC MECHANISMS OF FOLDING BY THE FACTOR ANALYSIS OF FOLDED STRUCTURE PARAMETERS (GREATER CAUCASUS)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлев</surname><given-names>Ф. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovlev</surname><given-names>F. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яковлев Федор Леонидович, докт. геол.-мин. наук, в.н.с.123242, ГСП-5, Москва Д-242, ул. Большая Грузинская, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yakovlev, Fyodor L., Doctor of Geology and Mineralogy, Lead Researcher10 Bol’shaya Gruzinskaya street, Moscow D-242 123242, GSP-5, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yak@ifz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбатов</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbatov</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горбатов Евгений Сергеевич, канд. геол.-мин. наук, с.н.с. </p><p>123242, ГСП-5, Москва Д-242, ул. Большая Грузинская, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gorbatov, Evgenii S., Candidate of Geology and Mineralogy, Senior Researcher10 Bol’shaya Gruzinskaya street, Moscow D-242 123242, GSP-5, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.s.gor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>O.Yu. Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>999</fpage><lpage>1019</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Яковлев Ф.Л., Горбатов Е.С., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яковлев Ф.Л., Горбатов Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakovlev F.L., Gorbatov E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/483">https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/483</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье поставлена задача выявления реально действовавших в природе геодинамических механизмов формирования крупных блоков земной коры. Особенностью подхода является использование статистического анализа данных, получаемых с помощью методов тектонофизики и структурной геологии. Материалом для исследования послужили 24 детальных структурных профиля Большого Кавказа общей длиной около500 км. Общая мощность мезокайнозойского осадочного чехла, смятого в интенсивные складки в олигоцене и раннем миоцене, составляет 10–15 км. При использовании метода «геометрии складчатых доменов» для трех стадий развития (1 – доскладчатая, 2 – постскладчатая, 3 – современная посторогенная) была реконструирована структура, сбалансированная по величинам деформации и объемам осадков. Для этого в профилях были выделены 505 «структурных доменов», которые после восстановления их доскладчатого состояния были объединены в 78 «структурных ячеек». В операциях реконструкции использовались замеры ряда струк­турных признаков в складках, образующих «складчатые домены». Для всех «структурных ячеек» были определены шесть параметров: величина сокращения, доскладчатая, постскладчатая и современная глубина кровли фундамента, расчетное положение размытой кровли чехла (амплитуда орогенного поднятия) и разница глубин фундамента между стадиями 1 и 3. Величина сокращения для 78 «ячеек» составила в среднем около 50 %, с разбросом от 2–10 до 67 %. Современная глубина кровли фундамента имела среднее значение –13 км (от –2.2 до –31.7 км); амплитуды поднятия и размыва кровли чехла для крупных блоков составили от 9 до19 км. Были выявлены устойчивые сочетания этих значений по площади, формирующие определенные структуры. Определено, что кровля фундамента на стадии 3 (современной) в целом стремится сохранить глубину, приобретенную на стадии 1 (доскладчатой), что можно связывать с действием изостазии. Был определен ряд высоких значений парных корреляций, имеющих генетический смысл. Для обобщения парных корреляций использовался факторный анализ, который выявил два фактора, связанных с геодинамическими механизмами формирования структур, более крупных, чем «ячейки», – земной коры и верхней мантии. Фактор F1 (процесс «сокращения», вес 60 %) зависит от величины сокращения и отвечает за амплитуду поднятия, F2 (процесс «изостазии», вес 27 %) связан с исходной мощностью чехла, отвечает за устойчивость положения глубины кровли фундамента. «Изостазия» предполагает существенные изменения плотности пород коры и мантии, в том числе с приобретением больших объемов пород коры мантийных плотностей. В таком виде фактор «изостазия» в геодинамических моделях ранее не учитывался.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article is focused on identifying geodynamic mechanisms leading to formation of large crustal blocks in nature. A specific feature of our study is statistical analysis of the data obtained by the methods of tectonophysics and structural geology. The analyzed material included 24  detailed structural sections (almost500 kmin total length) of Greater Caucasus. The Meso-Cenozoic sedimentary cover, that was intensely folded in the Oligocene and Early Miocene, is 10–15 km thick. A structure balanced in strain amounts and sediments volumes was reconstructed for three stages in the development of the studied area: 1 – pre-folded, 2 – post-folded, 3 – modern post-orogenic. The ‘geometry of folded domains’ method was used. For this purpose, 505 structural domains were identified in the detailed structural sections, the pre-fold state for every domain were reconstructed, and all the domains were aggregated into 78 structural cells. The reconstructions were based on structural indicators measurable in the folds forming the folded domains. Each structural cell was characterized by six parameters: an amount of shortening; depths of the basement top in the pre-folded, post-folded, and modern stages (i.e. stages 1, 2, and 3, respectively); a calculated position of the eroded top of the sedimentary cover (i.e. amplitude of orogenic uplifting); and a difference between the basement depths in stages 1 and 3. For 78 structural cells, shortening is about 50 % on average (from 2–10 % to 67 %). An average modern depth of the basement top is13 km(from 2.2 to31.7 km). The amplitudes of uplifting and of the erosion of top of the sedimentary cover for large blocks are in a range from 9 to19 km. Steady combinations of these values forming certain structures have been detected on the studied areas. It was found that the depth of the basement top in stage 3 (modern) has tendency to keep the value similar to the depth acquired in stage 1 (pre-folded) generally. This effect may be caused by an isostasy.. A number of estimated high values of the pair correlations have a genetic meaning. Using the factor analysis (as generalization of pairs correlations), we detected two factors related to the geodynamic mechanisms leading to formation of the structures larger than the cells – of the crust, and the upper mantle. Factor F1 (shortening, 60 % weight) depends on the amount of shortening and is responsible for amplitudes of uplifting. Factor F2 (isostasy, 27 % weight) is related to the initial thickness of the cover; it is responsible for the stability of the depth of the basement top. Isostasy assumes significant changes in the density of rocks in the crust and mantle, including the obtaining of mantle density volumes by the large volumes of the crust rocks. The factor “isostasy” in such kind was not taken into account in geodynamic models earlier.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Большой Кавказ</kwd><kwd>складчатость</kwd><kwd>сбалансированный профиль</kwd><kwd>восстановление складчатой структуры</kwd><kwd>величина сокращения</kwd><kwd>геодинамический процесс</kwd><kwd>факторный анализ</kwd><kwd>изостазия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Greater Caucasus</kwd><kwd>folding</kwd><kwd>balanced section</kwd><kwd>restoration of folded structure</kwd><kwd>value of shortening</kwd><kwd>geodynamic process</kwd><kwd>factor analysis</kwd><kwd>isostasy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belonin M.D., Golubeva V.A., Skublov G.T., 1982. Factorial Analysis in Geology. Nedra, Moscow, 269 p. (in Russian) [Белонин М.Д., Голубева В.А., Скублов Г.Т. Факторный анализ в геологии. 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