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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gtcrust</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геодинамика и тектонофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geodynamics &amp; Tectonophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2078-502X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5800/GT-2017-8-1-0238</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gtcrust-339</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕКТОНОФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECTONOPHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Геодинамические условия процессов рифтогенеза на поверхности Земли: проблемы изучения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geodynamic conditions of rifting on the Earth surface: problems of studying</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тверитинова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tveritinova</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. геол.-мин. наук, доцент, геологический факультет 119991, Москва, Ленинские Горы, 1</p><p>Тел.: 8(495)9394928</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Geology and Mineralogy, Associate Professor, Faculty of geology 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991</p><p>Tel.: 8(495)9394928</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tvertat@geol.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>203</fpage><lpage>215</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тверитинова Т.Ю., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тверитинова Т.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tveritinova T.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/339">https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/339</self-uri><abstract><p>Рифтовые структуры рассматриваются как элементы общего структурного парагенеза деформаций земной коры и литосферы различного кинематического типа. Большинство рифтовых систем связаны с зонами сдвиговых деформаций, в которых наряду со сбросо-раздвиговыми структурами проявлены сдвиги и структуры сжатия. Закономерный структурный рисунок поверхности Земли и его связь с распределением плотностных неоднородностей мантии отражают деформацию Земли как трехосного эллипсоида вращения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Rift structures are considered as elements of the composite structural parageneses of deformations in the crust and lithosphere with respect to kinematic types of such deformations. Most of the studied rift systems are associated with shear zones that contain extension faults with normal fault components, as well as strike-slip and compression structures. The regular structural pattern on the Earth surface and its relation to the distribution of the mantle density variations reflect the deformation of the Earth as a triaxial rotating ellipsoid.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рифт</kwd><kwd>рифтогенез</kwd><kwd>структурный парагенез</kwd><kwd>зона сдвиговых деформаций</kwd><kwd>скол</kwd><kwd>отрыв</kwd><kwd>полe напряжений</kwd><kwd>трехосный эллипсоид</kwd><kwd>мантийный плюм</kwd><kwd>глобальная зона деформаций</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rift</kwd><kwd>rifting</kwd><kwd>structural paragenesis</kwd><kwd>shear zone</kwd><kwd>cleavage</kwd><kwd>separation</kwd><kwd>stress field</kwd><kwd>triaxial ellipsoid</kwd><kwd>mantle plume</kwd><kwd>global deformation zone</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Courtillot V., Davaille A., Besse J., Stock J., 2003. 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