gtcrustГеодинамика и тектонофизикаGeodynamics & Tectonophysics2078-502XInstitute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch10.5800/GT-2026-17-1-0876CSAIKLgtcrust-2207Research ArticleПАЛЕОГЕОДИНАМИКАPALEOGEODYNAMICSГЕОХИМИЯ И ЭТАПЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ АНОМАЛЬНО ОБОГАЩЕННОЙ КОБАЛЬТОМ ЖЕЛЕЗОМАРГАНЦЕВОЙ КОРКИ НА ПОРОДАХ МИОЦЕНОВЫХ «PETIT-SPOT» ВУЛКАНОВ ГАЙОТА АЛЬБА (МАГЕЛЛАНОВЫ ГОРЫ, ТИХИЙ ОКЕАН)GEOCHEMISTRY AND FORMATION STAGES OF ANOMALOUSLY COBALT-RICH FERROMANGANESE CRUST ON THE MIOCENE PETIT-SPOT VOLCANIC ROCKS OF ALBA GUYOT (MAGELLAN SEAMOUNTS, PACIFIC OCEAN)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8269-3909СавинаЕ. А.SavinaE. A.

664033, Иркутск, ул. Фаворского, 1а

1а Favorsky St, Irkutsk 664033

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2407-3808ПеретяжкоИ. С.PeretyazhkoI. S.

664033, Иркутск, ул. Фаворского, 1а

1а Favorsky St, Irkutsk 664033

pgmigor@mail.ruПуляеваИ. А.PulyaevaI. A.

664033, Иркутск, ул. Фаворского, 1а

353461, Геленджик, ул. Крымская, 20 

1а Favorsky St, Irkutsk 664033

20 Krymskaya St, Gelendzhik 353461

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7156-5672ЩербаковЮ. Д.ShcherbakovYu. D.

664033, Иркутск, ул. Фаворского, 1а

1а Favorsky St, Irkutsk 664033

https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6592-8386ГладкочубЕ. А.GladkochubE. A.

64033, Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 128

128 Lermontov St, Irkutsk 664033

Институт геохимии им. А.П. Виноградова СО РАНРоссияVinogradov Institute of Geochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут геохимии им. А.П. Виноградова СО РАН ; АО «Южморгеология»РоссияVinogradov Institute of Geochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences ; JSC YuzhmorgeologiyaRussian FederationИнститут земной коры СО РАНРоссияInstitute of the Earth’s Crust, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202617022026171876876Copyright © Савина Е.А., Перетяжко И.С., Пуляева И.А., Щербаков Ю.Д., Гладкочуб Е.А., 20262026Савина Е.А., Перетяжко И.С., Пуляева И.А., Щербаков Ю.Д., Гладкочуб Е.А.Savina E.A., Peretyazhko I.S., Pulyaeva I.A., Shcherbakov Y.D., Gladkochub E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/2207

По индекс-видам известкового нанопланктона в кернах двух скважин, вскрывающих миоценовые породы гайота Альба, уточнены временные интервалы отложений молодой (от плейстоцена до современного периода, <1.8–02 млн лет) Fe-Mn корки из слоя III в сводном разрезе корок Магеллановых гор, базанитового туфа в позднем миоцене (>7–13 млн лет), прослоя туффита (<5.6–7.0 млн лет), а также древнего разреза корки и погребенных конкреций, сформированных до раннего миоцена – позднего олигоцена (>18–24 млн лет). В молодой Fe-Mn корке выявлены контрастно различные по составу и скоростям роста прослои – ранний, обогащенный марганцем, Ni, Cu, Nb, и поздний, существенно железистый, содержащий более высокие концентрации REE, Y, Be, Sc, V, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Hf, Mo, Sb, Pb, Th и U.

Без учета длительности возможного перерыва в отложении рудного вещества (оксигидроксидов Fe-Mn) молодая корка мощностью ~4 мм по оценкам Co-хронометрии формировалась на протяжении ~2.3 млн лет при средней скорости роста от 1.6 мм/млн лет в раннем прослое до 2.2 мм/млн лет в позднем прослое. Корка мощностью 4–8 мм начала отлагаться на миоценовых породах в интервале от 4.5 до 2.3 млн лет назад, когда поверхность гайота была на глубинах ниже зоны кислородного минимума в водной толще океана (>600–700 м). Контрастное изменение состава позднего прослоя (значительное повышение содержаний Fe, REE, Y, V, Zn, Sr, Zr, Hf, Mo, Sb, Pb, Th и U) могло быть вызвано быстрым погружением гайота около 500 тыс. лет назад до глубин, близких к современным (1250–1500 м на уровне поверхности плато). Средняя концентрация Co (0.8–1.0 мас. %) в молодой корке, отложившейся на миоценовых породах, почти в два раза выше таковой для валового состава многослойных (толстых) корок в других частях гайота. Относительно небольшие масштабы распространения молодой Fe-Mn корки, аномально обогащенной Co, по-видимому, окажут несущественное влияние на прирост прогнозных ресурсов рудной массы гайота Альба на этот стратегически важный металл.

The index-species of calcareous nannoplankton in two cored wells, penetrating the Miocene rocks of the Alba Guyot, have been used to identify time intervals for deposition of the young (Pleistocene-to-modern, <1.8–0.2 Ma) Fe-Mn crust from Unit III in the complete section of the Magellan Seamounts Fe-Mn crusts, Late Miocene (>7–13 Ma) basanite tuff, tuffite sublayer (<5.6–7.0 Ma), as well as the ancient crust and buried nodules formed prior to the Early Miocene – Late Oligocene (>18–24 Ma). There have been discovered young Fe-Mn crust sublayers of contrasting composition and growth rate: early, enriched in Mn, Ni, Cu, Nb, and late, substantially ferruginous, with high REE, Y, Be, Sc, V, Zn, Rb, Cs, Sr, Zr, Hf, Mo, Sb, Pb, Th and U contents.

Disregarding the duration of a probable break in the deposition of ore matter (Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides), the young crust with a Co-chronometry-based thickness of ~4 mm was formed over a period of ~2.3 Ma with an average growth rate from 1.6 mm/Ma in the early sublayer to 2.2 mm/Ma in the late sublayer. A young Fe-Mn crust 4–8 mm thick began to form on Miocene rocks 4.5 to 2.3 Myr, when the guyot surface was at depths below the oxygen minimum zone in the ocean water column (>600–700 m). A contrasting change in the composition of the late sublayer (a significant increase in Fe, REE, Y, V, Zn, Sr, Zr, Hf, Mo, Sb, Pb, Th and U contents) could have been caused by a 500000-year-old rapid subsidence of the guyot to depths similar to present-day (1250–1500 m at the plateau level). The average Co concentration (0.8–1.0 wt. %) in the young Fe-Mn crust on Miocene rocks is almost twice that of the bulk composition of thick (multilayered) crusts in other parts of the guyot. Relatively small-scale distribution of the young Fe-Mn crust, anomalously enriched in Co, will apparently have an insignificant impact on the increase in inferred ore reserves on the Alba Guyot for this strategically important metal.

аномально обогащенная кобальтом Fe-Mn коркамиоценовые «petit-spot» вулканыбазаниттуфтуффитбиостратиграфия известкового нанопланктонагеохимия и скорость роста Fe-Mn коркигайот АльбаМагеллановы горыТихий океанanomalously cobalt-rich Fe-Mn crustMiocene petit-spot volcanoesbasanitetufftuffitecalcareous nannoplankton biostratigraphygeochemistry and Fe-Mn crust growth ratesAlba GuyotMagellan SeamountsPacific OceanИсследование проведено при поддержке РНФ (грант № 25-17-00128, https://rscf.ru/project/25-17-00128/).The study was supported by the RSF (grant No. 25-17-00128, https://rscf.ru/project/25-17-00128/).ReferencesКобальтобогатые руды Мирового океана / Ред. С.И. Андреев. СПб.: ВНИИОкеанология, 2002. 168 c.Andreev S.I. (Ed.), 2002. Cobalt-Rich Ores in the World Ocean. VNIIOkeanologiya, Saint-Petersburg, 168 p. (in Russian)Авдонин В.В., Кругляков В.В., Лыгина Т.И., Мельников М.Е., Сергеева Н.Е. Оксидные железомарганцевые руды океана: генетическая интерпретация текстур и структур. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.