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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gtcrust</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геодинамика и тектонофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geodynamics &amp; Tectonophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2078-502X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5800/GT-2025-16-5-0846</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">mrcjta</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gtcrust-2105</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕКТОНОФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECTONOPHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОРИЕНТАЦИЯ ОСЕЙ ГЛАВНЫХ НАПРЯЖЕНИЙ КАК ВОЗМОЖНАЯ ПРИЧИНА АНИЗОТРОПИИ ГЕОАКУСТИЧЕСКОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ ПРИ ПОДГОТОВКЕ ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ORIENTATION OF THE PRINCIPAL STRESS AXES AS A POSSIBLE CAUSE OF GEOACOUSTIC RADIATION ANISOTROPY DURING EARTHQUAKE PREPARATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гапеев</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gapeev</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>684034, c. Паратунка, ул. Мирная, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim I. Gapeev</p><p>7 Mirnaya St, Paratunka 684034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gapeev.sci@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марапулец</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marapulets</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>684034, c. Паратунка, ул. Мирная, 7</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солодчук</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solodchuk</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>684034, c. Паратунка, ул. Мирная, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7 Mirnaya St, Paratunka 684034</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт космофизических исследований и распространения радиоволн ДВО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radio Wave Propagation, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>846</fpage><lpage>846</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гапеев М.И., Марапулец Ю.В., Солодчук А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гапеев М.И., Марапулец Ю.В., Солодчук А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gapeev M.I., Marapulets Y.V., Solodchuk A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/2105">https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/2105</self-uri><abstract><p>Результаты многолетних исследований, проводимых на Камчатке, показывают, что рост интенсивности геоакустического излучения и усиление его анизотропии можно рассматривать как индикатор активизации деформационного процесса при подготовке землетрясений. Одной из главных характеристик напряженно-деформированного состояния пород является направление осей главных напряжений, в частности оси максимального сжатия. В настоящей работе для выявления связи между ориентацией оси максимального сжатия пород и анизотропией геоакустического излучения при подготовке землетрясений проведены экспериментальные исследования и математическое моделирование.</p><p>За период 2008–2016 гг. векторно-фазовым методом выполнен анализ направленности геоакустического излучения, зарегистрированного в пункте «Микижа» на Камчатке в трехсуточном интервале перед землетрясениями. Выявлены два основных ортогональных максимума излучения (средние значения азимутов – 312.5°±15° и 42.5°±15°), направление одного из которых, по мнению авторов, должно быть перпендикулярно оси максимального сжатия.</p><p>В упругом приближении среды проведено моделирование направления оси максимального сжатия пород при подготовке сильных землетрясений, произошедших вблизи п-ва Камчатка с 1976 по 2020 г. Установлено, что направление оси находилось в секторе, ограниченном азимутами 330.5 и 84.2°, модальный интервал составил от 22.5 до 45.0°, среднее значение – 32.7°. Среднее значение направления оси максимального сжатия по результатам моделирования согласуется со значением, определенным по результатам экспериментальных наблюдений геоакустического излучения в пункте «Микижа».</p><p>Проведенное исследование подтвердило предположение о том, что направление максимумов геоакустического излучения, возникающих при подготовке землетрясений, обусловлено ориентацией оси максимального сжатия пород в пункте наблюдений. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для изучения характеристик геодеформационных процессов в сейсмоактивных регионах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results of long-term investigations carried out in Kamchatka show that an increase in intensity of geoacoustic radiation and amplification of its anisotropy can be considered as an indicator of deformation process activation during earthquake preparation. One of the main characteristics of the stress-strain state of rocks is the orientation of the principal stress axes, and in particular of the maximum compression axis. The present paper deals with the experimental studies and mathematical modeling performed to detect the relation between the orientation of the axis of maximum compression of rocks and geoacoustic radiation anisotropy during earthquake preparation.</p><p>In 2008–2016, using the vector-phase method, an analysis was made of the direction of geoacoustic radiation, recorded at the "Mikizha" site in Kamchatka within a three-day interval before earthquakes. There were detected two main orthogonal maxima of radiation (average azimuths 312.5°±15° and 42.5°±15°), with one of them, in the authors’ opinion, perpendicular to the maximum compression axis.</p><p>In an elastic approximation of a medium, modeling has been performed for the orientation of the axis of maximum compression of rocks during the preparation of strong Kamchatka earthquakes in 1976–2020. According to the results, the axis was lying within the sector with the azimuths of 330.5 and 84.2°, the modal interval was 22.5 up to 45.0°, and the average value was 32.7°. The model-based average orientation of the axis of maximum compression agrees with the value determined from experimental observations of geoacoustic radiation at the "Mikizha" site.</p><p>The results of the study confirmed the assumption that the direction of geoacoustic radiation maxima occurring during earthquake preparation is determined by the orientation of the axis of maximum compression of rocks at the observation site. The obtained results can be used to study geodeformation process characteristics in seismic regions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>геоакустическое излучение</kwd><kwd>векторно-фазовые методы</kwd><kwd>математическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>предсейсмические деформации</kwd><kwd>ось максимального сжатия пород</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>geoacoustic radiation</kwd><kwd>vector-phase methods</kwd><kwd>mathematical modeling</kwd><kwd>pre-seismic deformations</kwd><kwd>axis of maximum compression of rocks</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено в рамках госзадания Института космофизических исследований и распространения радиоволн ДВО РАН (проект № 124012300245-2).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out on the state assignment of the Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radio Wave Propagation FEB RAS (project No. 124012300245-2).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aki K., Richards P., 2002. 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