References

gtcrust

Геодинамика и тектонофизика

Geodynamics & Tectonophysics

2078-502X

Institute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch

10.5800/GT-2025-16-3-0825

wmqwmi

gtcrust-2038

Research Article

ПАЛЕОГЕОДИНАМИКА

PALEOGEODYNAMICS

О ВРЕМЕНИ И МЕХАНИЗМЕ ВОЗДЫМАНИЯ БОЛЬШОГО КАВКАЗА, ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОМ ТИПЕ И ИСТОРИИ ЗАПОЛНЕНИЯ ПРЕДКАВКАЗСКИХ ПРОГИБОВ – ТРАДИЦИОННЫЕ И СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ

ON THE ONSET TIME AND MECHANISM OF THE GREATER CAUCASUS UPLIFT AS WELL AS GENETIC TYPE AND FILLING HISTORY OF THE CISCAUCASIA TROUGHS – TRADITIONAL AND MODERN INTERPRETATIONS

Кузнецов

Н. Б.

Kuznetsov

N. B.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский пер., 7, стр. 1

Nikolay B. Kuznetsov

7-1 Pyzhevsky Ln, Moscow 119017

kouznikbor@mail.ru

Романюк

Т. В.

Romanyuk

T. V.

123242, Москва, ул. Большая Грузинская, 10, стр. 1

10-1 Bolshaya Gruzinskaya St, Moscow 123242

Геологический институт РАНРоссияGeological Institute, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation

Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАНРоссияSchmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation

2025

18062025

163825825

2025

Кузнецов Н.Б., Романюк Т.В.

Kuznetsov N.B., Romanyuk T.V.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/2038

Выполнен синтез и анализ новых геолого-геофизических данных по Черноморско-БалканоАнатолийско-Каспийскому мегарегиону, ставших доступными в последние два десятилетия. Накопленные разнородные материалы дают возможность представить совершенно иную трактовку давно известных фактов и на современном уровне рассмотреть вопросы о времени и механизме воздымания Большого Кавказа (БК), генетическом типе Предкавказских прогибов и механизме (способе) их заполнения. Показано, что ороген БК стал высокостоящим и интенсивно эродируемым горным сооружением не ранее плиоцена. Его формирование происходило не за счет длительного тектонического укорочения коры в близмеридиональном направлении и медленного постепенного подъема, которые стартовали в олигоцене (или ранее), а произошло как стремительное воздымание корового блока в плиоцене – квартере в ответ на деламинацию фрагмента литосферы под центральной частью Кавказского региона. Существенный вклад в современный геоморфологический облик орогена БК внесли деформации, вызванные крупноамплитудными правосдвиговыми движениями с дополнительной транспрессией вдоль региональной Крымско-Кавказско-Копетдагской разломной зоны, и гравитационный коллапс орогена. Кайнозойские осадочные толщи, выполняющие значительную часть объема Предкавказских прогибов, были сформированы в осадочном бассейне, расположенном в северо-восточной части Восточного Паратетиса. Этот бассейн вплоть до плиоцена представлял собой перикратонный осадочный бассейн на южном шельфе восточно-европейской части Северной Евразии, в котором шла аккумуляция седиментационных потоков, поступавших преимущественно с древней Восточно-Европейской и молодой эпигерцинской Скифской платформы. Только после быстрого воздымания орогена БК в самом конце плиоцена – квартере ороген БК отделил осадочный бассейн, реликты которого в современной структуре Предкавказья представлены Предкавказскими прогибами, от Восточного Паратетиса и этот бассейн был трансформирован в предгорный прогиб: в нем стартовало накопление седиментационного материала, поступавшего с БК.

The synthesis and analysis of new geological and geophysical data through the Black Sea-BalkanAnatolian-Caspian megaregion been appeared during the last two decades have been carried out. All collected materials make it possible to give a completely different interpretation of long-known facts and to provide a new-level consideration of the onset time and mechanism of the Greater Caucasus uplift, as well as genetic type and filling mechanism of the Ciscaucasia troughs. It has shown that the Greater Caucasus orogen became a high and an intensively eroded mountain structure not earlier than the Pliocene. Its formation was not due to the Oligocene (or earlier) initiation of long-term tectonic near-meridional crustal shortening and slow gradual uplift, but occurred as a rapid uplift of the crustal block in the Pliocene – Quaternary in response to the delamination of a fragment of the lithosphere beneath the central part of the Caucasus region. The modern geomorphological appearance of the Greater Caucasus orogen was greatly contributed to by the deformations originated from large-amplitude right-lateral strike-slip movements with additional transpression along the regional Crimea-Caucasus-Kopetdagh fault zone, as well as from the gravitational collapse of the orogen. Most of the Cenozoic sediments, filling the Ciscaucasia troughs, have accumulated in the basin located in the northeastern part of the Eastern Paratethys. Until the Pliocene this basin was a pericratonic sedimentary basin on the southern shelf of Northern Eurasia, which experienced the accumulation of sediment transported primarily from the ancient East European and young epi-Hercynian Scythian platforms. The sedimentary basin, with relics as the Ciscaucasia troughs in the present-day structure of Ciscaucasia, was separated from the Eastern Paratethys by the rapidly uplifting Greater Caucasus orogen at the very end of the Pliocene – Quaternary and transformed into a piedmont trough wherein the sediment from the GC started to accumulate.

Большой КавказПредкавказьеперикратонный бассейнделаминацияпозднеплиоцен-четвертичное воздымание Большого Кавказапредгорные Предкавказские прогибы

Greater CaucasusCiscaucasiapericratonic basindelaminationLatest Pliocene – Quaternary uplift of the Greater CaucasusQuaternary Ciscaucasia piedmont troughs

Исследование проведено в рамках госзаданий ГИН РАН и ИФЗ РАН.

The study was carried out on the state assignments of the GIN RAS and of the IPE RAS.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.