gtcrustГеодинамика и тектонофизикаGeodynamics & Tectonophysics2078-502XInstitute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch10.5800/GT-2025-16-1-0805zdtbengtcrust-1981Research ArticleПАЛЕОГЕОДИНАМИКАPALEOGEODYNAMICSКОРОВЫЕ КАРБОНАТИТЫ: ДЕФИНИЦИИ, ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРОЯВЛЕНИЯ, ГЕОХИМИИ И МИНЕРАЛОГИИCRUSTAL CARBONATITES: DEFINITION, GEOLOGY, MINERALOGY, AND GEOCHEMISTRYСкляровЕ. В.SklyarovE. V.

664033, Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 128

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ЛавренчукА. В.LavrenchukA. V.

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Институт земной коры СО РАНРоссияInstitute of the Earth’s Crust, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут геологии и минералогии им. В.С. Соболева СО РАН; Новосибирский государственный университетРоссияSobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State UniversityRussian Federation202518022025161805805Copyright © Скляров Е.В., Лавренчук А.В., 20252025Скляров Е.В., Лавренчук А.В.Sklyarov E.V., Lavrenchuk A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/1981

В статье обобщены имеющиеся материалы по особенностям проявления коровых карбонатитов, а также их минерального, химического и изотопного состава. Коровые карбонатиты – интрузивные породы, содержание карбонатов в которых превышает 50 об. %, а количество SiO2 не превышает 20 мас. %, являющиеся продуктами кристаллизации расплава, образовавшегося в результате плавления первично-осадочных карбонатных пород в нижних частях земной коры. Для них характерно проявление в виде дайковых тел, присутствие только в метаморфических комплексах с высокой степенью метаморфизма, присутствие силикатных минералов, типичных для метасоматических образований, изотопно-геохимические параметры, либо соответствующие осадочным карбонатам, либо являющиеся промежуточными между осадочными карбонатами и мантийными карбонатитами, и внедрение при процессах активного тектогенеза. Необходимыми условиями для коровых карбонатных выплавок являются присутствие первично-осадочных карбонатных пород в нижних частях земной коры; поступление значительных количеств водного флюида в зону магмогенерации; внедрение в нижние части коры мантийных базитовых расплавов (андерплейтинг), обеспечивающих достаточный для плавления карбонатов прогрев; активная тектоническая обстановка (сдвиговый тектоногенез, рифтогенез, постколлизионное растяжение) для поступления порций карбонатитового расплава в верхние части коры.

This is a synopsis of the available data on crustal carbonatites, including their temporal and spatial distribution, mineralogy, geochemistry, and stable isotope (δ18O and δ13C) patterns. Crustal carbonatites are intrusive rocks containing >50 vol. % carbonate minerals and ≤20 wt. % SiO2, which crystallize from partial melts of primary sedimentary carbonate rocks in the lower crust. They commonly occur as dykes in high-grade metamorphic complexes, bear silicate minerals typical of metasomatic environments, show isotopic and geochemical signatures of carbonate sediments or transitional varieties to mantle-derived carbonatites, and are emplaced during tectonic activity in strike-slip, rifting, or postcollisional extension settings. Partial melting of carbonate material in the crust and intrusion of melt batches to shallower crust levels is possible provided that primary carbonate sediments are present in the lower crust while the melting region is heated up by underplated mantle mafic magma and is fluxed sufficiently with H2O-rich fluids.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.