<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gtcrust</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геодинамика и тектонофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geodynamics &amp; Tectonophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2078-502X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5800/GT-2015-6-4-0188</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gtcrust-193</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ СИЛЬНЫЕ ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЯ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ: ТЕКТОНОФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТИ ЛОКАЛИЗАЦИИ В СТРУКТУРЕ И ГЕОДИНАМИКЕ ЛИТОСФЕРЫ. ЧАСТЬ 1. ГЛАВНЫЕ ГЕОДИНАМИЧЕСКИЕ ФАКТОРЫ ЛОКАЛИЗАЦИИ СИЛЬНЫХ ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЙ В СТРУКТУРЕ ЛИТОСФЕРЫ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RECENT STRONG EARTHQUAKES IN CENTRAL ASIA: REGULAR TECTONOPHYSICAL FEATURES OF LOCATIONS IN THE STRUCTURE AND GEODYNAMICS OF THE LITHOSPHERE. PART 1. MAIN GEODYNAMIC FACTORS PREDETERMINING LOCATIONS OF STRONG EARTHQUAKES IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE LITHOSPHER</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шерман</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sherman</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик Российской академии естественных наук, докт. геол.-мин. наук, профессор, г.н.с. 664033, Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 128, Россия Тел.: (3952)428261;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Doctor of Geology and Mineralogy, Professor, Chief Researcher 128 Lermontov street, Irkutsk 664033, Russia Tel.: (3952)428261</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ssherman@crust.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цзинь</surname><given-names>Ма</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Jin</surname><given-names>Ma</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик Китайской академии наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics Hua Yan Li, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">majin@ies.ac.cn</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. геол.-мин. наук, м.н.с. 664033, Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 128, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Geology and Mineralogy, Junior Researcher 128 Lermontov street, Irkutsk 664033, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smallwizard@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт земной коры СО РАН, Иркутск, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of the Earth's Crust, Siberian Branch of RAS, Irkutsk, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственная лаборатория динамики землетрясений, Институт геологии, Администрация по землетрясениям Китая, Пекин, Китай</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing, China</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>409</fpage><lpage>436</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шерман С.И., Цзинь М., Горбунова Е.А., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шерман С.И., Цзинь М., Горбунова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sherman S.I., Jin M., Gorbunova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/193">https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/193</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучение пространственно-временной локализации сильных (М≥8) землетрясений Центральной Азии – актуальная современная задача. Над ее решением в течение многих лет работают группы специали-стов ряда стран. Принятый авторами подход требует изменения парадигмы о связи очагов землетрясений с очень прочным составом пород. На этот тезис опираются практически все известные физические модели очагов землетрясений. В статье изложен новый подход к пониманию сейсмического процесса, при котором генеируются сильные землетрясения. Он базируется на акцентировании специфики геодинамики части региона, в которой зафиксированы сильные землетрясения двух последних столетий. Локализация землетрясений с М≥8 за последние два столетия показывает их приуроченность к областям динамического влияния крупных глубинных разломов только западной части Центральной Азии. Наличие четкой субмеридиональной структурной границы, проходящей примерно по 95–105° в.д. и разделяющей континентальную Азию на западную и восточную части, предопределяет локализацию сильных событий в западной части. Их энергетическим источником является давление с юга Индостанской плиты. Это факт, не подлежащий сомнению. Важную роль в локализации сильных событий в относительно небольшой по площади центральной части Центральной Азии играют окружающие территории. Установлены специфические гео-динамические параметры, отличающие регион от сопредельных территорий с севера, востока и запада, к которым относятся следующие. 1. Толщина земной коры в два раза больше. 2. Большая ранговая раздробленность блоковых структур с тенденцией к превалированию линзовидных обтекаемых форм, вытянутых в субширотном направлении. 3. Активные разломы, ограничивающие крупные блоковые структуры, характери-зуются существенными сдвиговыми скоростями, достигающими максимальных значений в центральном части Тибетского плато. Севернее скорости постепенно снижаются до минимальных значений. 4. Рекуррентное время сильных землетрясений в целом для территории западной части Центральной Азии составляет около 25 лет. Численно оно совпадает с периодической активизацией сейсмического процесса, которая происходит в Азии примерно с таким же временным интервалом; рекуррентное время для сильных событий в зоне влияния одного разлома составляет 100–250 лет и более. 5. Механизмы очагов всех сильных землетрясений содержат сдвиговую компоненту, чаще всего сочетающуюся с компонентой сжатия. Она корреспондирует со смещениями по разломам, установленными геологическими методами, то есть с движениями масс горных пород в околоразломной среде. 6. Современные данные по движениям земной коры методом GPS-геодезии показывают их векторную направленность в СВ направлении в Тибете, севернее направление меняется на субширотное, а на границе ~105°в.д. и южнее 30° с.ш. векторы приобретают ЮВ направление; южнее 20° с.ш., в области выступа на восток Гималайского надвига, векторы вновь приобретают субширотное направление. Высокие скорости современных движений характерны для Тибета. 7. Встречные векторы, связанные с тихоокеанской зоной субдукции, характеризуются северо-западным направлением. Равнодействующая северо-восточных и северо-западных векторов способствует правостороннему сдвижению горных масс в субмеридиональной пограничной зоне. 8. Геодинамические зоны, окружающие центральную зону с локализацией сильных землетрясений, характеризуются несравненно более низкой геодинамической активностью. Они способствуют накоплению напряжений сжатия в центральной геодинамической зоне, в которой происходит переход пород в квазипластическое состояние и даже течение. Это обстоятельство принципиально выделяет регион локализации сильных землетрясений из окружающего пространства. Структурная позиция современных сильных землетрясений континентальной Центральной Азии ограничивается: (1) территориальным вычленением только западной части названной территории; (2) увеличенной мощностью коры в ней; (3) сильным субмеридиональным сжатием коры и верхней части литосферы в сочетании со сдвиговыми напряжениями; (4) высокими скоростями современных движений земной коры и (5) ее реологическими характеристиками.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Studying locations of strong earthquakes (М≥8) in space and time in Central Asia has been among top prob-lems for many years and still remains challenging for international research teams. The authors propose a new ap-proach that requires changing the paradigm of earthquake focus – solid rock relations, while this paradigm is a basis for practically all known physical models of earthquake foci. This paper describes the first step towards developing a new concept of the seismic process, including generation of strong earthquakes, with reference to specific geodynamic features of the part of the study region wherein strong earthquakes were recorded in the past two centuries. Our analysis of the locations of М≥8 earthquakes shows that in the past two centuries such earthquakes took place in areas of the dynamic influence of large deep faults in the western regions of Central Asia. In the continental Asia, there is a clear submeridional structural boundary (95–105°E) between the western and eastern regions, and this is a factor controlling localization of strong seismic events in the western regions. Obviously, the Indostan plate’s pressure from the south is an energy source for such events. The strong earthquakes are located in a relatively small part of the territory of Central Asia (i.e. the western regions), which is significantly different from its neighbouring areas at the north, east and west, as evidenced by its specific geodynamic parameters. (1) The crust is twice as thick in the western regions than in the eastern regions. (2) In the western regions, the block structures re-sulting from the crust destruction, which are mainly represented by lense-shaped forms elongated in the submeridio-nal direction, tend to dominate. (3) Active faults bordering large block structures are characterized by significant slip velocities that reach maximum values in the central part of the Tibetan plateau. Further northward, slip velocities decrease gradually, yet do not disappear. (4) In the western regions of Central Asia, the recurrence time of strong earthquakes is about 25 years. It correlates with the regular activation of the seismic process in Asia which is mani-fested in almost the same time intervals; a recurrence time of a strong earthquake controlled by a specific active fault exceeds seems 100–250 years. (5) Mechanisms of all the strong earthquakes contain a slip component that is often accompanied by a compression component. The slip component corresponds to shearing along the faults revealed by geological methods, i.e. correlates with rock mass displacements in the near-fault medium. (6) GPS geodetic meas-urements show that shearing develops in the NW direction in the Tibet. Further northward, the direction changes to the sublatitudinal one. At the boundary of ~105°E, southward of 30°N, the slip vectors attain the SE direction. Further southward of 20°N, at the eastern edge of the Himalayan thrust, the slip vectors again attain the sublatitudinal direc-tion. High velocities/rates of recent crust movements are typical of the Tibet region. (7) The NW direction is typical of the opposite vectors related to the Pacific subduction zone. The resultant of the NE and NW vectors provides for the right-lateral displacement of the rocks in the submeridional border zone. (8) The geodynamic zones around the cen-tral zone (wherein the strong earthquakes are located) are significantly less geodynamically active and thus facilitate the accumulation of compression stresses in the central zone, providing for the transition of rocks to the quazi-plastic state and even flow. This is the principal feature distinguishing the region, wherein the strong earthquakes are loca-ted, from its neighboring areas. In Central Asia, the structural positions of recent strong earthquakes are determined with respect to the following factors: (1) the western regions separated in the studied territory; (2) the larger thickness of the crust in the western regions; (3) strong submeridional compression of the crust and upper lithosphere in combination with shear stresses; (4) high rates of recent crustal movements; and (5) the rheological characteristics of the crust.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сейсмичность</kwd><kwd>сильное землетрясение</kwd><kwd>очаг землетрясения</kwd><kwd>магнитуда</kwd><kwd>механизм очага</kwd><kwd>разлом</kwd><kwd>толщина земной коры</kwd><kwd>движение земной коры</kwd><kwd>рекуррентное время</kwd><kwd>блок</kwd><kwd>амплитуда смещения</kwd><kwd>реология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>seismicity</kwd><kwd>strong earthquake</kwd><kwd>earthquake foci</kwd><kwd>magnitude</kwd><kwd>focal mechanism</kwd><kwd>fault</kwd><kwd>crustal thickness</kwd><kwd>crustal movement</kwd><kwd>recurrence time</kwd><kwd>block</kwd><kwd>shear/slip amplitude</kwd><kwd>rheology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anderson J.G., Wesnousky S.G., Stirling M.W., 1996. Earthquake size as a function of fault slip rate. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 86 (3), 683–690.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anderson J.G., Wesnousky S.G., Stirling M.W., 1996. Earthquake size as a function of fault slip rate. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 86 (3), 683–690.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ashurkov S.V., San'kov V.A., Miroshnichenko A.I., Lukhnev A.V., Sorokin A.P., Serov M.A., Byzov L.M., 2011. GPS geodetic constraints on the kinematics of the Amurian Plate. Russian Geology and Geophysics 52 (2), 239–249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rgg.2010.12.017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ashurkov S.V., San'kov V.A., Miroshnichenko A.I., Lukhnev A.V., Sorokin A.P., Serov M.A., Byzov L.M., 2011. GPS geodetic constraints on the kinematics of the Amurian Plate. Russian Geology and Geophysics 52 (2), 239–249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rgg.2010.12.017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Atlas of Seismotectonics in Central Asia, 2013. Beijing, 129 p</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Atlas of Seismotectonics in Central Asia, 2013. Beijing, 129 p</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bao X., Xu M., Wang L., Mi N., Yu D., Li H., 2011. Lithospheric structure of the Ordos Block and its boundary areas in-ferred from Rayleigh wave dispersion. Tectonophysics 499 (1), 132–141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2011. 01.002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bao X., Xu M., Wang L., Mi N., Yu D., Li H., 2011. Lithospheric structure of the Ordos Block and its boundary areas in-ferred from Rayleigh wave dispersion. Tectonophysics 499 (1), 132–141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2011. 01.002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burtman V.S., 1990. Tectonic flow processes in the Alpine belt. Izvestiya AN SSSR. Seriya Geologicheskaya (6), 30–39 (in Russian) [Буртман В.С. Процессы тектонического течения в Альпийском поясе // Известия АН СССР. Серия геологическая. 1990. № 6. С. 30–39].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burtman V.S., 1990. Tectonic flow processes in the Alpine belt. Izvestiya AN SSSR. Seriya Geologicheskaya (6), 30–39 (in Russian) [Буртман В.С. Процессы тектонического течения в Альпийском поясе // Известия АН СССР. Серия геологическая. 1990. № 6. С. 30–39].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burtman V.S., 2012a. Geodymanics of Tibet, Tarim, and the Tien Shan in the Late Cenozoic. Geotectonics 46 (3), 185–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0016852112030028.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burtman V.S., 2012a. Geodymanics of Tibet, Tarim, and the Tien Shan in the Late Cenozoic. Geotectonics 46 (3), 185–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0016852112030028.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burtman V.S., 2012b. Tian Shan and High Asia: Geodynamics in the Cenozoic. GEOS, Moscow, 188 p. (in Russian) [Буртман В.С. Тянь-Шань и Высокая Азия: Геодинамика в кайнозое. М.: ГЕОС, 2012б. 188 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burtman V.S., 2012b. Tian Shan and High Asia: Geodynamics in the Cenozoic. GEOS, Moscow, 188 p. (in Russian) [Буртман В.С. Тянь-Шань и Высокая Азия: Геодинамика в кайнозое. М.: ГЕОС, 2012б. 188 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burtman V.S., Molnar P., 1993. Geological and geophysical evidence for deep subduction of continental crust beneath the Pamir. Geological Society of America Special Papers, v. 281, p. 1–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/SPE281-p1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burtman V.S., Molnar P., 1993. Geological and geophysical evidence for deep subduction of continental crust beneath the Pamir. Geological Society of America Special Papers, v. 281, p. 1–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/SPE281-p1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Calais E., Vergnolle M., San'kov V., Lukhnev A., Miroshnitchenko A., Amarjargal S., Déverchère J., 2003. GPS measure-ments of crustal deformation in the Baikal‐Mongolia area (1994–2002): Implications for current kinematics of Asia. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 108 (B10), 2501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JB002373.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Calais E., Vergnolle M., San'kov V., Lukhnev A., Miroshnitchenko A., Amarjargal S., Déverchère J., 2003. GPS measure-ments of crustal deformation in the Baikal‐Mongolia area (1994–2002): Implications for current kinematics of Asia. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 108 (B10), 2501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JB002373.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chéry J., Carretier S., Ritz J.F., 2001. Postseismic stress transfer explains time clustering of large earthquakes in Mongo-lia. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 194 (1), 277–286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00552-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chéry J., Carretier S., Ritz J.F., 2001. Postseismic stress transfer explains time clustering of large earthquakes in Mongo-lia. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 194 (1), 277–286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00552-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">China Earthquake Network Center, 2015. Available from: http://www.csndmc.ac.cn/newweb/index.jsp (last accessed December 4, 2015) (in Chinese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">China Earthquake Network Center, 2015. Available from: http://www.csndmc.ac.cn/newweb/index.jsp (last accessed December 4, 2015) (in Chinese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feng R., Ma Z., Fang J., Wu X., 2007. A developing plate boundary: Tianshan-Baikal active tectonic belt. Earth Science Frontiers 14 (4), 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1872-5791(07)60027-X.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feng R., Ma Z., Fang J., Wu X., 2007. A developing plate boundary: Tianshan-Baikal active tectonic belt. Earth Science Frontiers 14 (4), 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1872-5791(07)60027-X.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Florensov N.A., Solonenko V.P., 1963. The Goby-Altai Earthquake. Publishing House of the USSR Acad. Sci., Moscow, 392 p. (in Russian) [Гоби-Алтайское землетрясение / Ред. Н.А. Флоренсов, В.П. Солоненко. М.: Изд-во АН СССР, 1963. 392 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Florensov N.A., Solonenko V.P., 1963. The Goby-Altai Earthquake. Publishing House of the USSR Acad. Sci., Moscow, 392 p. (in Russian) [Гоби-Алтайское землетрясение / Ред. Н.А. Флоренсов, В.П. Солоненко. М.: Изд-во АН СССР, 1963. 392 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gan Weijiun, Xiao Genru, 2013. Present-day crustal motion GPS velocity field of Central Asia. In: Atlas of seismotec-tonics in Central Asia. Beijing, p. 41–43.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gan Weijiun, Xiao Genru, 2013. Present-day crustal motion GPS velocity field of Central Asia. In: Atlas of seismotec-tonics in Central Asia. Beijing, p. 41–43.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gao X.-L., Ma X.-J., Li X.-L., 2010. A surrounding and deep dynamic context of the great triangle-shaped seismic region in the eastern Asia continent. Earth Science Frontiers 17 (4), 33–42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gao X.-L., Ma X.-J., Li X.-L., 2010. A surrounding and deep dynamic context of the great triangle-shaped seismic region in the eastern Asia continent. Earth Science Frontiers 17 (4), 33–42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gatinsky Y.G., Prokhorova T.V., 2014. Superficial and deep structure of Central Asia as example of continental litho-sphere heterogeneity. Universal Journal of Geoscience 2 (2), 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ujg.2014.020202.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gatinsky Y.G., Prokhorova T.V., 2014. Superficial and deep structure of Central Asia as example of continental litho-sphere heterogeneity. Universal Journal of Geoscience 2 (2), 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ujg.2014.020202.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gatinsky Y.G., Prokhorova T.V., 2015. Seismic active zones in South Siberia, Russian Far East, and adjacent countries. Russian Journal of Earth Sciences 15 (3), ES3003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2205/2015ES000554.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gatinsky Y.G., Prokhorova T.V., 2015. Seismic active zones in South Siberia, Russian Far East, and adjacent countries. Russian Journal of Earth Sciences 15 (3), ES3003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2205/2015ES000554.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gatinsky Y.G., Prokhorova T.V., Rundquist D.V., Vladova G.L., 2009. Zones of Catastrophic Earthquakes of Central Asia: Geodynamics and Seismic Energy. Russian Journal of Earth Sciences 11 (1), ES1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2205/ 2009ES000326.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gatinsky Y.G., Prokhorova T.V., Rundquist D.V., Vladova G.L., 2009. Zones of Catastrophic Earthquakes of Central Asia: Geodynamics and Seismic Energy. Russian Journal of Earth Sciences 11 (1), ES1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2205/ 2009ES000326.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gatinsky Y.G., Rundquist D.V., 2004. Geodynamics of Eurasia: Plate tectonics and block tectonics. Geotectonics 38 (1), 1–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gatinsky Y.G., Rundquist D.V., 2004. Geodynamics of Eurasia: Plate tectonics and block tectonics. Geotectonics 38 (1), 1–16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gatinsky Y.G., Rundquist D.V., Cherkasov S.V., 2005a. Geological discontinuity at 102–103° in the Eastern Asia: geologi-cal and metallogenic indicators. In: Tectonics of the Earth's Crust and Mantle. Tectonic Regularities in the Distribu-tion of Mineral Resources. Proceedings of the 28th Tectonic Meeting. GEOS, Moscow, p. 127–130 (in Russian) [Гатинский Ю.Г., Рундквист Д.В., Черкасов С.В. Геораздел 102–103° на Востоке Азии: геологические и ме-таллогенические признаки // Тектоника земной коры и мантии. Тектонические закономерности разме-щения полезных ископаемых: Материалы 28-го Тектонического совещания. М.: ГЕОС, 2005. С. 127–130].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gatinsky Y.G., Rundquist D.V., Cherkasov S.V., 2005a. Geological discontinuity at 102–103° in the Eastern Asia: geologi-cal and metallogenic indicators. In: Tectonics of the Earth's Crust and Mantle. Tectonic Regularities in the Distribu-tion of Mineral Resources. Proceedings of the 28th Tectonic Meeting. GEOS, Moscow, p. 127–130 (in Russian) [Гатинский Ю.Г., Рундквист Д.В., Черкасов С.В. Геораздел 102–103° на Востоке Азии: геологические и ме-таллогенические признаки // Тектоника земной коры и мантии. Тектонические закономерности разме-щения полезных ископаемых: Материалы 28-го Тектонического совещания. М.: ГЕОС, 2005. С. 127–130].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gatinsky Y.G., Rundquist D.V., Tyupkin Y.S., 2005b. Block structures and kinematics of Eastern and Central Asia from GPS data. Geotectonics 39 (5), 333–348.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gatinsky Y.G., Rundquist D.V., Tyupkin Y.S., 2005b. Block structures and kinematics of Eastern and Central Asia from GPS data. Geotectonics 39 (5), 333–348.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gatinsky Y.G., Rundquist D.V., Vladova G.L., Prokhorova T.V., Romanyuk T.V., 2008. Block structure and geodynamics of the continental lithosphere at plate margins. Bulletin of Kamchatka Regional Association"Educational-Scientific Center". Earth Sciences Series (1), 32–47 (in Russian) [Гатинский Ю.Г., Рундквист Д.В., Владова Г.Л., Прохорова Т.В., Романюк Т.В. Блоковая структура и геодинамика континентальной литосферы на границах плит // Вестник КРАУНЦ. Серия «Науки о Земле». 2008. № 1. C. 32–47].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gatinsky Y.G., Rundquist D.V., Vladova G.L., Prokhorova T.V., Romanyuk T.V., 2008. Block structure and geodynamics of the continental lithosphere at plate margins. Bulletin of Kamchatka Regional Association"Educational-Scientific Center". Earth Sciences Series (1), 32–47 (in Russian) [Гатинский Ю.Г., Рундквист Д.В., Владова Г.Л., Прохорова Т.В., Романюк Т.В. Блоковая структура и геодинамика континентальной литосферы на границах плит // Вестник КРАУНЦ. Серия «Науки о Земле». 2008. № 1. C. 32–47].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gatinsky Y.G., Vladova G.L., Prokhorova T.V., Rundquist D.V., 2011. Geodynamics of Central Asia and prediction of cata-strophic earthquakes. Prostranstvo i Vremya (Space and Time) 3 (5), 124–134 (in Russian) [Гатинский Ю.Г., Вла-дова Г.Л., Прохорова Т.В., Рундквист Д.В. Геодинамика Центральной Азии и прогноз катастрофических зем-летрясений // Пространство и время. 2011. Т. 3. № 5. С. 124–134].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gatinsky Y.G., Vladova G.L., Prokhorova T.V., Rundquist D.V., 2011. Geodynamics of Central Asia and prediction of cata-strophic earthquakes. Prostranstvo i Vremya (Space and Time) 3 (5), 124–134 (in Russian) [Гатинский Ю.Г., Вла-дова Г.Л., Прохорова Т.В., Рундквист Д.В. Геодинамика Центральной Азии и прогноз катастрофических зем-летрясений // Пространство и время. 2011. Т. 3. № 5. С. 124–134].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goldin S.V., 2004. Dilatancy, repacking, and earthquakes. Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth 40 (10), 817–832.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goldin S.V., 2004. Dilatancy, repacking, and earthquakes. Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth 40 (10), 817–832.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gol’din S.V., Seleznev V.S., Emanov A.F., Filina A.G., Emanov A.A., Novikov I.S., Gibsher A.S., Vysotskiy E.M., Agatova A.R., Dyadkov P.G., Fateev A.V., Kashun V.N., Podkorytova V.G., Leskova E.V., Yankaitis V.V., Yarygina M.A., 2003. The Chuya earthquake of 2003 (M=7.5). Vestnik. Earth Sciences Division RAS 1 (21) (in Russian) [Гольдин С.В., Селезнёв В.С., Еманов А.Ф., Филина А.Г., Еманов А.А., Новиков И.С., Гибшер А.С., Высоцкий Е.М., Агатова А.Р., Дядьков П.Г., Фатеев А.В., Кашун В.Н., Подкорытова В.Г., Лескова Е.В., Янкайтис В.В., Ярыгина М.А. Чуйское землетрясение 2003 года (М=7.5) // Вестник Отделения наук о Земле РАН. 2003. № 1 (21)]. Gol'din S.V., Seleznev V.S., Emanov A.F., Filina A.G., Emanov A.A., Novikov I.S., Vysotskii E.M., Fateev A.V., Kolesnikov Yu.I., Podkorytova V.G., Leskova E.V., Yarygina M.A., 2004. The Chuya earthquake and its aftershocks. Doklady Earth Sciences 395 (3), 394–396.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gol’din S.V., Seleznev V.S., Emanov A.F., Filina A.G., Emanov A.A., Novikov I.S., Gibsher A.S., Vysotskiy E.M., Agatova A.R., Dyadkov P.G., Fateev A.V., Kashun V.N., Podkorytova V.G., Leskova E.V., Yankaitis V.V., Yarygina M.A., 2003. The Chuya earthquake of 2003 (M=7.5). Vestnik. Earth Sciences Division RAS 1 (21) (in Russian) [Гольдин С.В., Селезнёв В.С., Еманов А.Ф., Филина А.Г., Еманов А.А., Новиков И.С., Гибшер А.С., Высоцкий Е.М., Агатова А.Р., Дядьков П.Г., Фатеев А.В., Кашун В.Н., Подкорытова В.Г., Лескова Е.В., Янкайтис В.В., Ярыгина М.А. Чуйское землетрясение 2003 года (М=7.5) // Вестник Отделения наук о Земле РАН. 2003. № 1 (21)]. Gol'din S.V., Seleznev V.S., Emanov A.F., Filina A.G., Emanov A.A., Novikov I.S., Vysotskii E.M., Fateev A.V., Kolesnikov Yu.I., Podkorytova V.G., Leskova E.V., Yarygina M.A., 2004. The Chuya earthquake and its aftershocks. Doklady Earth Sciences 395 (3), 394–396.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grachev А.F., Kalashnikova I.V., Magnitsky V.A., 1993.Contemporary and recent geodynamics and seismicity of China. Fizika Zemli (10), 3–13 (in Russian) [Грачев А.Ф., Калашникова И.В., Магницкий В.А. Современная и новейшая геодинамика и сейсмичность Китая // Физика Земли. 1993. № 10. С. 3–13].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grachev А.F., Kalashnikova I.V., Magnitsky V.A., 1993.Contemporary and recent geodynamics and seismicity of China. Fizika Zemli (10), 3–13 (in Russian) [Грачев А.Ф., Калашникова И.В., Магницкий В.А. Современная и новейшая геодинамика и сейсмичность Китая // Физика Земли. 1993. № 10. С. 3–13].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hu J., Yang H., Xu X., Wen L., Li G., 2012. Lithospheric structure and crust–mantle decoupling in the southeast edge of the Tibetan Plateau. Gondwana Research 22 (3–4), 1060–1067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2012.01.003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hu J., Yang H., Xu X., Wen L., Li G., 2012. Lithospheric structure and crust–mantle decoupling in the southeast edge of the Tibetan Plateau. Gondwana Research 22 (3–4), 1060–1067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2012.01.003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim Y.-S., Choi J.-H., 2007. Fault propagation, displacement and damage zones. In: D. Ankhtsetseg, K.G. Levi, A. Schlupp, M. Ulziibat (Eds), Proceedings of the Conference commemorating the 50th anniversary of the 1957 Gobi-Altay earthquake. Ulaanbaatar, p. 81–86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim Y.-S., Choi J.-H., 2007. Fault propagation, displacement and damage zones. In: D. Ankhtsetseg, K.G. Levi, A. Schlupp, M. Ulziibat (Eds), Proceedings of the Conference commemorating the 50th anniversary of the 1957 Gobi-Altay earthquake. Ulaanbaatar, p. 81–86.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kocharyan G.G., Spivak A.A., 2003. Deformation Dynamics of Block-Shaped Rock Massifs. Akademkniga, Moscow, 423 p. (in Russian) [Кочарян Г.Г., Спивак А.А. Динамика деформирования блочных массивов горных пород. М.: ИКЦ «Академкнига», 2003. 423 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kocharyan G.G., Spivak A.A., 2003. Deformation Dynamics of Block-Shaped Rock Massifs. Akademkniga, Moscow, 423 p. (in Russian) [Кочарян Г.Г., Спивак А.А. Динамика деформирования блочных массивов горных пород. М.: ИКЦ «Академкнига», 2003. 423 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Komarov Yu.V., Belichenko V.G., Misharina L.A., Petrov P.A., 1978. The Verkhoyano-Birmanskaya junction zone of Cen-tral and East-Asian structures (VEBIRS zone). In: VEBIRS Trans-Asian Continental Zone. East Siberian Division of the Siberian Branch, USSR Acad. Sci., Irkutsk, p. 5–24 (in Russian) [Комаров Ю.В., Беличенко В.Г., Мишарина Л.А., Петров П.А. Верхояно-Бирманская зона сочленения центрально- и восточноазиатских структур (зона ВЕБИРС) // Трансазиатская континентальная зона ВЕБИРС (оперативная информация). Иркутск: Восточ-но-Сибирский филиал СО АН СССР, 1978. С. 5–24].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Komarov Yu.V., Belichenko V.G., Misharina L.A., Petrov P.A., 1978. The Verkhoyano-Birmanskaya junction zone of Cen-tral and East-Asian structures (VEBIRS zone). In: VEBIRS Trans-Asian Continental Zone. East Siberian Division of the Siberian Branch, USSR Acad. Sci., Irkutsk, p. 5–24 (in Russian) [Комаров Ю.В., Беличенко В.Г., Мишарина Л.А., Петров П.А. Верхояно-Бирманская зона сочленения центрально- и восточноазиатских структур (зона ВЕБИРС) // Трансазиатская континентальная зона ВЕБИРС (оперативная информация). Иркутск: Восточ-но-Сибирский филиал СО АН СССР, 1978. С. 5–24].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kopnichev Y.F., Sokolova I.N., 2010. On the correlation between seismicity characteristics and S-wave attenuation in the ring structures that appear before large earthquakes. Journal of Volcanology and Seismology 4 (6), 396–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0742046310060047.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kopnichev Y.F., Sokolova I.N., 2010. On the correlation between seismicity characteristics and S-wave attenuation in the ring structures that appear before large earthquakes. Journal of Volcanology and Seismology 4 (6), 396–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0742046310060047.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kozhevnikov V.M., Seredkina A.I., Solovei O.A., 2014. 3D mantle structure of Central Asia from Rayleigh wave group ve-locity dispersion. Russian Geology and Geophysics 55 (10), 1239–1247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rgg.2014. 09.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozhevnikov V.M., Seredkina A.I., Solovei O.A., 2014. 3D mantle structure of Central Asia from Rayleigh wave group ve-locity dispersion. Russian Geology and Geophysics 55 (10), 1239–1247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rgg.2014. 09.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuchai O.A., Bushenkova N.A., 2009. Earthquake focal mechanisms in Central Asia. Fizicheskaya Mezomekhanika (Physi-cal Mesomechanics) 12 (1), 17–24 (in Russian) [Кучай О.А., Бушенкова Н.А. Механизмы очагов землетрясений Центральной Азии // Физическая мезомеханика. 2009. Т. 12. № 1. С. 17–24].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuchai O.A., Bushenkova N.A., 2009. Earthquake focal mechanisms in Central Asia. Fizicheskaya Mezomekhanika (Physi-cal Mesomechanics) 12 (1), 17–24 (in Russian) [Кучай О.А., Бушенкова Н.А. Механизмы очагов землетрясений Центральной Азии // Физическая мезомеханика. 2009. Т. 12. № 1. С. 17–24].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuchai O.A., Kozina M.E., 2015. Regional features of seismotectonic deformations in East Asia based on earthquake focal mechanisms and their use for geodynamic zoning. Russian Geology and Geophysics 56 (10), 1491–1499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rgg.2015.09.011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuchai O.A., Kozina M.E., 2015. Regional features of seismotectonic deformations in East Asia based on earthquake focal mechanisms and their use for geodynamic zoning. Russian Geology and Geophysics 56 (10), 1491–1499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rgg.2015.09.011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuzmin Yu.O., 2002. Contemporary anomalous geodynamics of aseismic fault zones. Vestnik. Earth Sciences Division RAS 1 (20), 27 p. (in Russian) [Кузьмин Ю.О. Современная аномальная геодинамика асейсмичных разломных зон // Вестник отделения наук о Земле РАН. 2002. № 1 (20). 27 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuzmin Yu.O., 2002. Contemporary anomalous geodynamics of aseismic fault zones. Vestnik. Earth Sciences Division RAS 1 (20), 27 p. (in Russian) [Кузьмин Ю.О. Современная аномальная геодинамика асейсмичных разломных зон // Вестник отделения наук о Земле РАН. 2002. № 1 (20). 27 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuzmin Yu.O., 2004. Recent Geodynamics of Fault Zones. Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth 40 (10), 868–882.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuzmin Yu.O., 2004. Recent Geodynamics of Fault Zones. Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth 40 (10), 868–882.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuzmin Yu.O., Zhukov V.S., 2004. Recent Geodynamics and Variations of Physical Properties of Rocks. Publishing House of the Moscow State Mining University, Moscow, 262 p. (in Russian) [Кузьмин Ю.О., Жуков В.С. Современная гео-динамика и вариации физических свойств горных пород. М.: Изд-во Московского государственного горно-го университета, 2004. 262 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuzmin Yu.O., Zhukov V.S., 2004. Recent Geodynamics and Variations of Physical Properties of Rocks. Publishing House of the Moscow State Mining University, Moscow, 262 p. (in Russian) [Кузьмин Ю.О., Жуков В.С. Современная гео-динамика и вариации физических свойств горных пород. М.: Изд-во Московского государственного горно-го университета, 2004. 262 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levi K.G., Sherman S.I., San'kov V.A., 2005. Recent geodynamics of Asia. In: K.G. Levi, S.I. Sherman (Eds.), Topical issues of recent geodynamics of Central Asia. Publishing House of SB RAS, Novosibirsk, p. 253–267 (in Russian) [Леви К.Г., Шерман С.И., Саньков В.А. Современная геодинамика Азии // Актуальные вопросы современной гео-динамики Азии / Ред. К.Г. Леви, С.И. Шерман. Новосибирск: Изд-во СО РАН, 2005. C. 253–267].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levi K.G., Sherman S.I., San'kov V.A., 2005. Recent geodynamics of Asia. In: K.G. Levi, S.I. Sherman (Eds.), Topical issues of recent geodynamics of Central Asia. Publishing House of SB RAS, Novosibirsk, p. 253–267 (in Russian) [Леви К.Г., Шерман С.И., Саньков В.А. Современная геодинамика Азии // Актуальные вопросы современной гео-динамики Азии / Ред. К.Г. Леви, С.И. Шерман. Новосибирск: Изд-во СО РАН, 2005. C. 253–267].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levi K.G., Sherman S.I., San’kov V.A., 2009. Recent geodynamics of Asia: Map, principles of its compilation, and geody-namic analysis. Geotectonics 43 (2), 152–165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S001685210902006X.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levi K.G., Sherman S.I., San’kov V.A., 2009. Recent geodynamics of Asia: Map, principles of its compilation, and geody-namic analysis. Geotectonics 43 (2), 152–165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S001685210902006X.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li C.Y., Wei Z.Y., Ye J.Q., Han Y.B., Zheng W.J., 2010. Amounts and styles of coseismic deformation along the northern segment of surface rupture, of the 2008 Wenchuan Mw 7.9 earthquake, China. Tectonophysics 491 (1), 35–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2009.09.023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li C.Y., Wei Z.Y., Ye J.Q., Han Y.B., Zheng W.J., 2010. Amounts and styles of coseismic deformation along the northern segment of surface rupture, of the 2008 Wenchuan Mw 7.9 earthquake, China. Tectonophysics 491 (1), 35–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2009.09.023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li S., Mooney W.D., Fan J., 2006. Crustal structure of mainland China from deep seismic sounding data. Tectonophysics 420 (1–2), 239–252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2006.01.026.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li S., Mooney W.D., Fan J., 2006. Crustal structure of mainland China from deep seismic sounding data. Tectonophysics 420 (1–2), 239–252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2006.01.026.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li Yanxing, Hu Xikang, Shui Ping, Ge Liangquan, Hudng Cheng, Zhu Wenyao, Hu Xiaogong, 2001. The current crust strain fields in the continent of China and its adjacent areas from GPS measurement results. In: Huang Cheng, Qian Zhi-han (Eds), Asia-Pacific space geodynamics program: Proceedings of the fourth workshop (14–19 May, 2001). Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers, Shanghai, p. 113–123.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Yanxing, Hu Xikang, Shui Ping, Ge Liangquan, Hudng Cheng, Zhu Wenyao, Hu Xiaogong, 2001. The current crust strain fields in the continent of China and its adjacent areas from GPS measurement results. In: Huang Cheng, Qian Zhi-han (Eds), Asia-Pacific space geodynamics program: Proceedings of the fourth workshop (14–19 May, 2001). Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers, Shanghai, p. 113–123.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lombardi A.M., Marzocchi W., 2007. Evidence of clustering and nonstationarity in the time distribution of large worldwide earthquakes. Journal of Geophysical Research 112 (B2), B02303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ 2006JB004568.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lombardi A.M., Marzocchi W., 2007. Evidence of clustering and nonstationarity in the time distribution of large worldwide earthquakes. Journal of Geophysical Research 112 (B2), B02303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ 2006JB004568.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ma Xingyuan, 1990. Tectonic processes shown in the lithosphere dynamics map of China. In: N.A. Logachev (Ed.), Geo-dynamics of Intracontinental Mountainous Regions. Nauka, Novosibirsk, p. 341–351 (in Russian) [Ма Си Юань. Тектонические процессы, отраженные на карте динамики литосферы Китая // Геодинамика внутрикон-тинентальных горных областей / Ред. Н.А. Логачев. Новосибирск: Наука. СО РАН, 1990. C. 341–351].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ma Xingyuan, 1990. Tectonic processes shown in the lithosphere dynamics map of China. In: N.A. Logachev (Ed.), Geo-dynamics of Intracontinental Mountainous Regions. Nauka, Novosibirsk, p. 341–351 (in Russian) [Ма Си Юань. Тектонические процессы, отраженные на карте динамики литосферы Китая // Геодинамика внутрикон-тинентальных горных областей / Ред. Н.А. Логачев. Новосибирск: Наука. СО РАН, 1990. C. 341–351].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ma Xingyuan et al., 1987. 1:1000000 Scale Lithospheric Dynamics Map of China and Adjacent Seas and Explanatory Notes to supplement Map. Geological Publishing House, Beijing.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ma Xingyuan et al., 1987. 1:1000000 Scale Lithospheric Dynamics Map of China and Adjacent Seas and Explanatory Notes to supplement Map. Geological Publishing House, Beijing.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Makarov V.I., 1977. Recent Tectonic Structure of Central Tien Shan. Nauka, Moscow, 172 p. (in Russian) [Макаров В.И. Новейшая тектоническая структура Центрального Тянь-Шаня. М.: Наука, 1977. 172 с.]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makarov V.I., 1977. Recent Tectonic Structure of Central Tien Shan. Nauka, Moscow, 172 p. (in Russian) [Макаров В.И. Новейшая тектоническая структура Центрального Тянь-Шаня. М.: Наука, 1977. 172 с.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mel’nikova V.I., Radziminovich N.A., 2007. Parameters of seismotectonic deformations of the Earth’s crust in the Baikal Rift Zone based on seismological data. Doklady Earth Sciences 416 (1), 1137–1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/ S1028334X07070355.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mel’nikova V.I., Radziminovich N.A., 2007. Parameters of seismotectonic deformations of the Earth’s crust in the Baikal Rift Zone based on seismological data. Doklady Earth Sciences 416 (1), 1137–1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/ S1028334X07070355.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Niu Y., 2014. Geological understanding of plate tectonics: Basic concepts, illustrations, examples and new perspectives. Global Tectonics and Metallogeny 10 (1), 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/gtm/2014/0009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Niu Y., 2014. Geological understanding of plate tectonics: Basic concepts, illustrations, examples and new perspectives. Global Tectonics and Metallogeny 10 (1), 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/gtm/2014/0009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parfeevets A.V., San'kov V.A., 2006. Stress State of the Earth's Crust and Geodynamics of the Southwestern Part of the Baikal Rift System. Geo Academic Publishing House, Novosibirsk, 151 p. (in Russian) [Парфеевец А.В., Саньков В.А. Напряженное состояние земной коры и геодинамика юго-западной части Байкальской рифтовой системы. Новосибирск: Академическое изд-во «Гео», 2006. 151 c.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parfeevets A.V., San'kov V.A., 2006. Stress State of the Earth's Crust and Geodynamics of the Southwestern Part of the Baikal Rift System. Geo Academic Publishing House, Novosibirsk, 151 p. (in Russian) [Парфеевец А.В., Саньков В.А. Напряженное состояние земной коры и геодинамика юго-западной части Байкальской рифтовой системы. Новосибирск: Академическое изд-во «Гео», 2006. 151 c.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Priestley K., Debayle E., McKenzie D., Pilidou S., 2006. Upper mantle structure of eastern Asia from multimode surface waveform tomography. Journal of Geophysical Research 111 (B10), B10304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ 2005JB004082.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Priestley K., Debayle E., McKenzie D., Pilidou S., 2006. Upper mantle structure of eastern Asia from multimode surface waveform tomography. Journal of Geophysical Research 111 (B10), B10304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ 2005JB004082.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Priestley K., McKenzie D., 2006. The thermal structure of the lithosphere from shear wave velocities. Earth and Plane-tary Science Letters 244 (1), 285–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.01.008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Priestley K., McKenzie D., 2006. The thermal structure of the lithosphere from shear wave velocities. Earth and Plane-tary Science Letters 244 (1), 285–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.01.008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Royden L.H., 1993. The tectonic expression slab pull at continental convergent boundaries. Tectonics 12 (2), 303–325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/92TC02248.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Royden L.H., 1993. The tectonic expression slab pull at continental convergent boundaries. Tectonics 12 (2), 303–325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/92TC02248.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rybin A.K., 2011. Deep Structure and Recent Geodynamics of Central Tien Shan from Magnetotelluric Sounding Results. Nauchnaya Mysl, Moscow, 272 p. (in Russian) [Рыбин A.K. Глубинная структура и современная геоди-намика Центрального Тянь-Шаня по результатам магнитнотеллурического зондирования. М.: Научная мысль, 2011. 272 c.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rybin A.K., 2011. Deep Structure and Recent Geodynamics of Central Tien Shan from Magnetotelluric Sounding Results. Nauchnaya Mysl, Moscow, 272 p. (in Russian) [Рыбин A.K. Глубинная структура и современная геоди-намика Центрального Тянь-Шаня по результатам магнитнотеллурического зондирования. М.: Научная мысль, 2011. 272 c.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sadovsky M.A., Bolkhovitinov L.G., Pisarenko V.F., 1987. Deformation of Geophysical Medium and Seismic Process. Nau-ka, Moscow, 100 p. (in Russian) [Садовский М.А., Болховитинов Л.Г., Писаренко В.Ф. Деформирование геофи-зической среды и сейсмический процесс. М.: Наука, 1987. 100 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sadovsky M.A., Bolkhovitinov L.G., Pisarenko V.F., 1987. Deformation of Geophysical Medium and Seismic Process. Nau-ka, Moscow, 100 p. (in Russian) [Садовский М.А., Болховитинов Л.Г., Писаренко В.Ф. Деформирование геофи-зической среды и сейсмический процесс. М.: Наука, 1987. 100 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sadovsky M.A., Pisarenko V.F., 1991. Seismic Process in Block Medium. Nauka, Moscow, 96 p. (in Russian) [Садов- ский М.А., Писаренко В.Ф. Сейсмический процесс в блоковой среде. М.: Наука, 1991. 96 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sadovsky M.A., Pisarenko V.F., 1991. Seismic Process in Block Medium. Nauka, Moscow, 96 p. (in Russian) [Садов- ский М.А., Писаренко В.Ф. Сейсмический процесс в блоковой среде. М.: Наука, 1991. 96 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">San’kov V.A., Parfeevets A.V., Lukhnev A.V., Miroshnichenko A.I., Ashurkov S.V., 2011. Late Cenozoic geodynamics and mechanical coupling of crustal and upper mantle deformations in the Mongolia–Siberia mobile area. Geotectonics 45 (5), 378–393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0016852111050049.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">San’kov V.A., Parfeevets A.V., Lukhnev A.V., Miroshnichenko A.I., Ashurkov S.V., 2011. Late Cenozoic geodynamics and mechanical coupling of crustal and upper mantle deformations in the Mongolia–Siberia mobile area. Geotectonics 45 (5), 378–393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0016852111050049.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shen Jun, Bai Meixiang, Shi Guangling, 2013. Seismotectonics of the northwestern boundary of strong earthquake con-centration in central Asia. In: Atlas of seismotectonics in Central Asia. Beijining, p. 70–71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shen Jun, Bai Meixiang, Shi Guangling, 2013. Seismotectonics of the northwestern boundary of strong earthquake con-centration in central Asia. In: Atlas of seismotectonics in Central Asia. Beijining, p. 70–71.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sherman S.I., 1977. Physical Regularities of Faulting in the Earth's Crust. Nauka, Novosibirsk. Наука, 1977, 102 p. (in Russian) [Шерман С.И. Физические закономерности развития разломов земной коры. Новосибирск: Наука, 1977. 102 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sherman S.I., 1977. Physical Regularities of Faulting in the Earth's Crust. Nauka, Novosibirsk. Наука, 1977, 102 p. (in Russian) [Шерман С.И. Физические закономерности развития разломов земной коры. Новосибирск: Наука, 1977. 102 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sherman S.I., 1978. On VEBIRS meridional zone in the Asian continent and its identification criteria. In: VEBIRS Trans-Asian Continental Zone. East Siberian Division of the Siberian Branch, USSR Acad. Sci., Irkutsk, p. 31–35 (in Rus-sian) [Шерман С.И. О меридиональной зоне ВЕБИРС на Азиатском континенте и критериях ее выделения // Трансазиатская континентальная зона ВЕБИРС (оперативная информация). Иркутск: Восточно-Сибир-ский филиал СО АН СССР, 1978. C. 31–35].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sherman S.I., 1978. On VEBIRS meridional zone in the Asian continent and its identification criteria. In: VEBIRS Trans-Asian Continental Zone. East Siberian Division of the Siberian Branch, USSR Acad. Sci., Irkutsk, p. 31–35 (in Rus-sian) [Шерман С.И. О меридиональной зоне ВЕБИРС на Азиатском континенте и критериях ее выделения // Трансазиатская континентальная зона ВЕБИРС (оперативная информация). Иркутск: Восточно-Сибир-ский филиал СО АН СССР, 1978. C. 31–35].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sherman S.I., 2014. Seismic Process and the Forecast of Earthquakes: Tectonophysical Conception. Academic Publi-shing House “Geo”, Novosibirsk, 359 p. (in Russian) [Шерман С.И. Сейсмический процесс и прогноз землетря-сений: тектонофизическая концепция. Новосибирск: Академическое издательство «Гео», 2014. 359 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sherman S.I., 2014. Seismic Process and the Forecast of Earthquakes: Tectonophysical Conception. Academic Publi-shing House “Geo”, Novosibirsk, 359 p. (in Russian) [Шерман С.И. Сейсмический процесс и прогноз землетря-сений: тектонофизическая концепция. Новосибирск: Академическое издательство «Гео», 2014. 359 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sherman S.I., Bornyakov S.A., Buddo V.Yu., 1983. Areas of Dynamic Influence of Faults (Modelling Results). Nauka, Novosibirsk, 110 p. (in Russian) [Шерман С.И., Борняков С.А., Буддо В.Ю. Области динамического влияния раз-ломов (результаты моделирования). Новосибирск: Наука. СО АН СССР, 1983. 110 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sherman S.I., Bornyakov S.A., Buddo V.Yu., 1983. Areas of Dynamic Influence of Faults (Modelling Results). Nauka, Novosibirsk, 110 p. (in Russian) [Шерман С.И., Борняков С.А., Буддо В.Ю. Области динамического влияния раз-ломов (результаты моделирования). Новосибирск: Наука. СО АН СССР, 1983. 110 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sherman S.I., Dneprovsky Yu.I., 1989. Crustal Stress Fields and Geological and Structural Methods of Studies. Nauka, Novosibirsk, 157 p. (in Russian) [Шерман С.И., Днепровский Ю.И. Поля напряжений земной коры и геолого-структурные методы их изучения. Новосибирск: Наука, 1989. 157 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sherman S.I., Dneprovsky Yu.I., 1989. Crustal Stress Fields and Geological and Structural Methods of Studies. Nauka, Novosibirsk, 157 p. (in Russian) [Шерман С.И., Днепровский Ю.И. Поля напряжений земной коры и геолого-структурные методы их изучения. Новосибирск: Наука, 1989. 157 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sherman S.I., Levi K.G., 1978. Transform faults of the Baikal rift zone and seismicity of its flanks. In: N.A. Logachev (Ed.), Tectonics and Seismicity of Continental Rift Zones. Nauka, Moscow, p. 7–18 (in Russian) [Шерман С.И., Леви К.Г. Трансформные разломы Байкальской рифтовой зоны и сейсмичность ее флангов // Тектоника и сей-смичность континентальных рифтовых зон / Ред. Н.А. Логачев. М.: Наука, 1978. C. 7–18].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sherman S.I., Levi K.G., 1978. Transform faults of the Baikal rift zone and seismicity of its flanks. In: N.A. Logachev (Ed.), Tectonics and Seismicity of Continental Rift Zones. Nauka, Moscow, p. 7–18 (in Russian) [Шерман С.И., Леви К.Г. Трансформные разломы Байкальской рифтовой зоны и сейсмичность ее флангов // Тектоника и сей-смичность континентальных рифтовых зон / Ред. Н.А. Логачев. М.: Наука, 1978. C. 7–18].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sherman S.I., Sorokin A.P., Savitskii V.A., 2005. New methods for the classification of seismoactive lithospheric faults based on the index of seismicity. Doklady Earth Sciences 401 (3), 413–416.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sherman S.I., Sorokin A.P., Savitskii V.A., 2005. New methods for the classification of seismoactive lithospheric faults based on the index of seismicity. Doklady Earth Sciences 401 (3), 413–416.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit65"><label>65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sherman S.I., Zlogodukhova О.G., 2011. Seismic belts and zones of the Earth: formalization of notions, positions in the lithosphere, and structural control. Geodynamics &amp; Tectonophysics 2 (1), 1–34 (in Russian) [Шерман С.И., Злогоду-хова О.Г. Сейсмические пояса и зоны Земли: формализация понятий, положение в литосфере и структур-ный контроль // Геодинамика и тектонофизика. 2011. Т. 2. № 1. С. 1–34]. http://dx.doi.org/10.5800/GT-2011-2-1-0031.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sherman S.I., Zlogodukhova О.G., 2011. Seismic belts and zones of the Earth: formalization of notions, positions in the lithosphere, and structural control. Geodynamics &amp; Tectonophysics 2 (1), 1–34 (in Russian) [Шерман С.И., Злогоду-хова О.Г. Сейсмические пояса и зоны Земли: формализация понятий, положение в литосфере и структур-ный контроль // Геодинамика и тектонофизика. 2011. Т. 2. № 1. С. 1–34]. http://dx.doi.org/10.5800/GT-2011-2-1-0031.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit66"><label>66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sobolev G.A., 1993. Foundations of Earthquake Prediction. М.: Nauka, Moscow, 314 p. (in Russian) [Соболев Г.А. Осно-вы прогноза землетрясений. М.: Наука, 1993. 314 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sobolev G.A., 1993. Foundations of Earthquake Prediction. М.: Nauka, Moscow, 314 p. (in Russian) [Соболев Г.А. Осно-вы прогноза землетрясений. М.: Наука, 1993. 314 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit67"><label>67</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sobolev G.A., 2011. The Earthquake Predictability Concept Based on Seismicity Dynamics under Triggering Impact. IPERAS, Moscow, 56 p. (in Russian) [Соболев Г.А. Концепция предсказуемости землетрясений на основе ди-намики сейсмичности при триггерном воздействии. М.: ИФЗ РАН, 2011. 56 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sobolev G.A., 2011. The Earthquake Predictability Concept Based on Seismicity Dynamics under Triggering Impact. IPERAS, Moscow, 56 p. (in Russian) [Соболев Г.А. Концепция предсказуемости землетрясений на основе ди-намики сейсмичности при триггерном воздействии. М.: ИФЗ РАН, 2011. 56 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit68"><label>68</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sobolev G.А., Ponomarev V.А., 2003. Physics of Earthquakes and Precursors. Nauka, Moscow, 270 p. (in Russian) [Собо-лев Г.А., Пономарев А.В. Физика землетрясений и предвестники. М.: Наука, 2003. 270 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sobolev G.А., Ponomarev V.А., 2003. Physics of Earthquakes and Precursors. Nauka, Moscow, 270 p. (in Russian) [Собо-лев Г.А., Пономарев А.В. Физика землетрясений и предвестники. М.: Наука, 2003. 270 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit69"><label>69</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song Zhiping, Zhang Guoming, Liu Jie et al., 2011. Global Earthquake Catalog (9999 BC – 1963 AD, 1964 AD – 2010 AD, M≥6.0). Seismological Press, Beijing, 450 p. (in Chinese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song Zhiping, Zhang Guoming, Liu Jie et al., 2011. Global Earthquake Catalog (9999 BC – 1963 AD, 1964 AD – 2010 AD, M≥6.0). Seismological Press, Beijing, 450 p. (in Chinese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit70"><label>70</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trifonov V.G., 1983. Late Quaternary Tectogenesis. Nauka, Moscow, 224 p. (in Russian) [Трифонов В.Г. Позднечет-вертичный тектогенез. М.: Наука, 1983. 224 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trifonov V.G., 1983. Late Quaternary Tectogenesis. Nauka, Moscow, 224 p. (in Russian) [Трифонов В.Г. Позднечет-вертичный тектогенез. М.: Наука, 1983. 224 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit71"><label>71</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trifonov V.G., 1999. Neotectonics of Eurasia. Nauchny Mir, Moscow, 252 p. (in Russian) [Трифонов В.Г. Неотектоника Евразии. М.: Научный мир, 1999. 252 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trifonov V.G., 1999. Neotectonics of Eurasia. Nauchny Mir, Moscow, 252 p. (in Russian) [Трифонов В.Г. Неотектоника Евразии. М.: Научный мир, 1999. 252 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit72"><label>72</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trifonov V.G., Karakhanyan A.S., 2004. Geodynamics and History of Civilizations. Nauka, Moscow, 668 p. (in Russian) [Трифонов В.Г., Караханян А.С. Геодинамика и история цивилизаций. М.: Наука, 2004. 668 с.].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trifonov V.G., Karakhanyan A.S., 2004. Geodynamics and History of Civilizations. Nauka, Moscow, 668 p. (in Russian) [Трифонов В.Г., Караханян А.С. Геодинамика и история цивилизаций. М.: Наука, 2004. 668 с.].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit73"><label>73</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang H., Liu M., Cao J., Shen X., Zhang G., 2011. Slip rates and seismic moment deficits on major active faults in main-land China. Journal of Geophysical Research 116 (B2), B02405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JB007821.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang H., Liu M., Cao J., Shen X., Zhang G., 2011. Slip rates and seismic moment deficits on major active faults in main-land China. Journal of Geophysical Research 116 (B2), B02405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JB007821.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit74"><label>74</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang S.-Z., Zhang Z.-C., 2004. Plastic-flow waves (“slow waves”) and seismic activity in central-eastern Asia. Dizhen Dizhi 26 (1), 91–101 (in Chinese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang S.-Z., Zhang Z.-C., 2004. Plastic-flow waves (“slow waves”) and seismic activity in central-eastern Asia. Dizhen Dizhi 26 (1), 91–101 (in Chinese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit75"><label>75</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wen Y.Y., Ma K.F., Song T.R.A., Mooney W.D., 2009. Validation of the rupture properties of the 2001 Kunlun, China (Ms=8.1), earthquake from seismological and geological observations. Geophysical Journal International 177 (2), 555–570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2008.04063.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wen Y.Y., Ma K.F., Song T.R.A., Mooney W.D., 2009. Validation of the rupture properties of the 2001 Kunlun, China (Ms=8.1), earthquake from seismological and geological observations. Geophysical Journal International 177 (2), 555–570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2008.04063.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit76"><label>76</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yanovskaya T.B., Kozhevnikov V.M., 2003. 3D S-wave velocity pattern in the upper mantle beneath the continent of Asia from Rayleigh wave data. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 138 (3–4), 263–278. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/S0031-9201(03)00154-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yanovskaya T.B., Kozhevnikov V.M., 2003. 3D S-wave velocity pattern in the upper mantle beneath the continent of Asia from Rayleigh wave data. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 138 (3–4), 263–278. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/S0031-9201(03)00154-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit77"><label>77</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang P., Deng Q., Zhang G., Ma J., Gan W., Min W., Mao F., Wang Q., 2003. Active tectonic blocks and strong earthquakes in the continent of China. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences 46 (2), 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/ 03dz0002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang P., Deng Q., Zhang G., Ma J., Gan W., Min W., Mao F., Wang Q., 2003. Active tectonic blocks and strong earthquakes in the continent of China. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences 46 (2), 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/ 03dz0002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit78"><label>78</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zheng Y., Ma H., Lü J., Ni S., Li Y., Wei S., 2009. Source mechanism of strong aftershocks (Ms⩾5.6) of the 2008/05/12 Wenchuan earthquake and the implication for seismotectonics. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences 52 (6), 739–753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11430-009-0074-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheng Y., Ma H., Lü J., Ni S., Li Y., Wei S., 2009. Source mechanism of strong aftershocks (Ms⩾5.6) of the 2008/05/12 Wenchuan earthquake and the implication for seismotectonics. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences 52 (6), 739–753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11430-009-0074-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit79"><label>79</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zorin Y.A., Kozhevnikov V.M., Novoselova M.R., Turutanov E.K., 1989. Thickness of the lithosphere beneath the Baikal rift zone and adjacent regions. Tectonophysics 168 (4), 327–337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(89)90226-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zorin Y.A., Kozhevnikov V.M., Novoselova M.R., Turutanov E.K., 1989. Thickness of the lithosphere beneath the Baikal rift zone and adjacent regions. Tectonophysics 168 (4), 327–337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(89)90226-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit80"><label>80</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zorin Yu.А., Novoselova M.R., Turutanov Е.Kh., Kozhevnikov V.М., 1990. The lithosphere structure of the Mongolia-Siberian mountainous region. In: N.A. Logachev (Ed.), Geodynamics of Intracontinental Mountainous Regions. Nauka, Novosibirsk, p. 143–154. (in Russian) [Зорин Ю.А., Новоселова М.Р., Турутанов Е.Х., Кожевников В.М. Строение литосферы Монголо-Сибирской горной страны // Геодинамика внутриконтинентальных гор-ных областей / Ред. Н.А. Логачев. Новосибирск: Наука. СО РАН, 1990. C. 143–154].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zorin Yu.А., Novoselova M.R., Turutanov Е.Kh., Kozhevnikov V.М., 1990. The lithosphere structure of the Mongolia-Siberian mountainous region. In: N.A. Logachev (Ed.), Geodynamics of Intracontinental Mountainous Regions. Nauka, Novosibirsk, p. 143–154. (in Russian) [Зорин Ю.А., Новоселова М.Р., Турутанов Е.Х., Кожевников В.М. Строение литосферы Монголо-Сибирской горной страны // Геодинамика внутриконтинентальных гор-ных областей / Ред. Н.А. Логачев. Новосибирск: Наука. СО РАН, 1990. C. 143–154].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
