gtcrustГеодинамика и тектонофизикаGeodynamics & Tectonophysics2078-502XInstitute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch10.5800/GT-2025-16-2-0819WTATOTgtcrust-1898Research ArticleСОВРЕМЕННАЯ ГЕОДИНАМИКАRECENT GEODYNAMICSАНОМАЛИИ ПОВЕДЕНИЯ КОМПОНЕНТ ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНОГО ПОЛЯ ЗЕМЛИ И ИХ СВЯЗЬ С ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЯМИ ПО ДАННЫМ МАГНИТОТЕЛЛУРИЧЕСКОГО МОНИТОРИНГАANOMALIES IN THE BEHAVIOR OF COMPONENTS OF THE EARTH’S ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO EARTHQUAKES ACCORDING TO MAGNETOTELLURIC MONITORING DATAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0279-7469БаталеваЕ. А.BatalevaE. A.

 720049, Бишкек 

 Bishkek 720049 

elena.bataleva@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5323-786XМатюковВ. Е.MatiukovV. E.

 720049, Бишкек 

 Bishkek 720049 

vitaliy_cowboy@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-8023НепеинаК. С.NepeinaK. S.

 720049, Бишкек 

 Bishkek 720049 

nepeina.k@mail.ruНаучная станция РАНКыргызстанResearch Station, Russian Academy of ScienceKyrgyzstan202521042025162819819Copyright © Баталева Е.А., Матюков В.Е., Непеина К.С., 20252025Баталева Е.А., Матюков В.Е., Непеина К.С.Bataleva E.A., Matiukov V.E., Nepeina K.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/1898

При изучении взаимосвязи электромагнитных и деформационных процессов по результатам магнитотеллурического мониторинга обнаружены электромагнитные импульсы, которые, возможно, связаны с произошедшими землетрясениями. Наблюдения выполнены в двух пунктах магнитотеллурического мониторинга, расположенных в Чуйской впадине (Аксу 42.60911 с.ш., 74.00833 в.д.; Чон-Курчак 42.62828 с.ш., 74.60671 в.д., Северный Тянь-Шань) на территории Бишкекского геодинамического полигона. Для выявления откликов землетрясений анализировались результаты инструментальных наблюдений за электромагнитными эффектами сильного землетрясения и его афтершоков, произошедших на севере Китая 22.01.2024 г. с магнитудой в интервале 4.9–6.9, более слабого с магнитудой 5.4 (Кыргызстан) и ряда мощных удаленных землетрясений с магнитудой в интервале 5.2–6.6 на расстоянии 500–1200 км от эпицентра. Показано, что землетрясение с многочисленными афтершоками, произошедшими на расстояниях от ~450 км от пунктов регистрации, отражается во всех регистрируемых параметрах, в то время как более слабое землетрясение, происходящее ближе, не проявляется ни в одной из горизонтальных компонент электромагнитного поля. Рассмотрены механизмы возникновения сейсмоэлектрических сигналов и механоэлектромагнитных преобразований в земной коре. Показана реальность появления электромагнитных предвестников землетрясений и косейсмических сигналов, наблюдаемых в первые десятки секунд или первые минуты после землетрясения. Результаты исследований могут найти применение при разработке методов контроля за сейсмической активностью в потенциально опасных регионах.

When studying the relationship between electromagnetic and deformation processes, according to the results of magnetotelluric monitoring, electromagnetic pulses were detected, which may be associated with the earthquakes that occurred. The observations were carried out at two magnetotelluric stationary monitoring points located in the Chu depression (Aksu 42.60911 °N, 74.00833 °E; Chon-Kurchak 42.62828 °N, 74.60671 °E, Northern Tien Shan), on the territory of the Bishkek geodynamic polygon. To identify earthquake responses, the results of instrumental observations of the electromagnetic effects of a strong earthquake and its aftershocks that occurred in northern China on January 22, 2024 with a magnitude in the range of 4.9–6.9, a weaker one with a magnitude of 5.4 (Kyrgyzstan) and a number of powerful remote earthquakes with a magnitude in the range of 5.2–6.6 at a distance of 500–1200 km from the epicenter were analyzed. It is shown that an earthquake with numerous aftershocks located at distances from ~450 km from the registration points is reflected in all recorded parameters, while a weaker earthquake, but located closer, does not manifest itself in one of the horizontal components of the electromagnetic field. The mechanisms of occurrence of seismoelectric signals and mechanical-electromagnetic transformations in the Earth’s crust are considered. The reality of the appearance of electromagnetic precursors of earthquakes and coseismic signals observed in the first tens of seconds or minutes after an earthquake is shown. The results of the research can be used in the development of methods for monitoring seismic activity in potentially dangerous regions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.