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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gtcrust</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геодинамика и тектонофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geodynamics &amp; Tectonophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2078-502X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5800/GT-2024-15-2-0752</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ADJXPH</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gtcrust-1822</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОВРЕМЕННАЯ ГЕОДИНАМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RECENT GEODYNAMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВЛИЯНИЕ ОШИБОК ОРИЕНТАЦИИ, СВЯЗАННЫХ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МАГНИТНОГО КОМПАСА, НА ТОЧНОСТЬ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ ПАЛЕОМАГНИТНОГО ПОЛЮСА И АМПЛИТУДЫ ДРЕВНИХ ГЕОМАГНИТНЫХ ВАРИАЦИЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>INFLUENCE OF ORIENTATION ERRORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF A MAGNETIC COMPASS ON THE ACCURACY OF DETERMINING THE POSITION OF THE PALEOMAGNETIC POLE AND THE AMPLITUDE OF PALEOSECULAR VARIATIONS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушаков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushakov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>123242, Москва, ул. Большая Грузинская, 10, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10-1 Bolshaya Gruzinskaya St, Moscow 123242</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ushakov.da18@physics.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедев</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedev</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>123242, Москва, ул. Большая Грузинская, 10, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10-1 Bolshaya Gruzinskaya St, Moscow 123242</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>В. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>123242, Москва, ул. Большая Грузинская, 10, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10-1 Bolshaya Gruzinskaya St, Moscow 123242</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>752</fpage><lpage>752</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ушаков Д.А., Лебедев И.Е., Павлов В.Э., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ушаков Д.А., Лебедев И.Е., Павлов В.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ushakov D.A., Lebedev I.E., Pavlov V.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/1822">https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/1822</self-uri><abstract><p>Использование магнитного компаса при палеомагнитных исследованиях сильномагнитных пород (например, базальтов) может приводить к большим ошибкам ориентации палеомагнитных образцов. В то же время альтернативные методы ориентации относительно времязатратны, а в случае применения солнечного компаса также требуют солнечной погоды – условия, которое далеко не всегда соблюдается, особенно при отборе образцов в высоких и приполярных широтах. Это часто приводит к тому, что исследователи в своей работе все-таки полагаются на результаты измерений магнитным компасом, допуская при этом, что возникающие ошибки носят случайный характер и при достаточно хорошей статистике усредняются. В настоящей работе на примерах, близких к реальным выполнено численное моделирование, которое позволяет проверить это предположение и оценить, насколько ошибки ориентации, связанные с использованием магнитного компаса, могут влиять на конечные результаты палеомагнитных исследований, таких как определение положения палеомагнитного полюса и амплитуды древних геомагнитных вариаций. В результате выполненной работы показано: 1) расчетные величины амплитуд палеовековых вариаций и расчетные положения палеомагнитных полюсов слабочувствительны к умеренным и даже относительно большим ошибкам ориентации палеомагнитных образцов, связанных с применением магнитного компаса; 2) очень большие ошибки ориентации образцов приводят к значительному увеличению внутрисайтового разброса палеомагнитных направлений, что позволяет обнаруживать и отбраковывать соответствующие сайты по большой (например, &gt;15°) величине параметра α95; 3) влияние искажений, связанных с использованием магнитного компаса, на точность определения положения палеомагнитного полюса и амплитуды древних геомагнитных вариаций зависит от широты. На приэкваториальных широтах это влияние максимально, на средних – минимально.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The use of a magnetic compass in paleomagnetic studies of highly magnetic rocks (for instance, basalts) can lead to large errors in the orientation of paleomagnetic samples. On the other hand, alternative methods of orientation are relatively time-consuming, and in the case of using a solar compass, they also require sunny weather – a condition that is rarely met, especially when sampling at high and subpolar latitudes. This often leads to the fact that researchers in their work rely on the results of magnetic compass measurements, while assuming that the resulting errors are of a random nature and, with sufficiently good statistics, are averaged. In this study, numerical modeling is performed, which allows us to verify this assumption and assess how much orientation errors associated with the use of a magnetic compass can affect the final results of paleomagnetic studies, such as determining the position of the paleomagnetic pole and the amplitude of ancient geomagnetic variations. As a result of the work performed , it is shown that: 1) the amplitudes of paleosecular variations and the positions of paleomagnetic poles are weakly sensitive to moderate and even relatively large errors in the orientation of paleomagnetic samples associated with the use of a magnetic compass; 2) very large errors in the orientation of samples lead to a significant increase in the within-site scatter of paleomagnetic directions, which makes it possible to detect and exclude the corresponding sites with a large (for instance &gt;15°) value of the α95; 3) the influence of distortions associated with the use of a magnetic compass on the accuracy of determining the position of the paleomagnetic pole and the amplitude of ancient geomagnetic variations depends on latitude. At near-equatorial latitudes, this effect is maximal, at medium latitudes – minimal.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>палеомагнетизм</kwd><kwd>палеомагнитный полюс</kwd><kwd>палеомагнитные образцы</kwd><kwd>магнитный компас</kwd><kwd>ошибка ориентации палеомагнитных образцов</kwd><kwd>геомагнитное поле</kwd><kwd>статистическая модель</kwd><kwd>математическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>палеовековые вариации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>paleomagnetism</kwd><kwd>paleomagnetic pole</kwd><kwd>paleomagnetic samples</kwd><kwd>magnetic compass</kwd><kwd>orientation error</kwd><kwd>geomagnetic field</kwd><kwd>statistical model</kwd><kwd>mathematical modeling</kwd><kwd>paleosecular variations</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке РНФ, грант № 23-17-00112.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the grant № 23-17-00112 of the Russian Science Foundation.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alken P., Thébault E., Beggan C.D., Amit H., Aubert J., Baerenzung J., Bondar T.N., Brown W.J. et al., 2021. 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