gtcrustГеодинамика и тектонофизикаGeodynamics & Tectonophysics2078-502XInstitute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch10.5800/GT-2023-14-1-0683gtcrust-1627Research ArticleСОВРЕМЕННАЯ ГЕОДИНАМИКАRECENT GEODYNAMICSТРЕХМЕРНАЯ СКОРОСТНАЯ СТРУКТУРА ЗЕМНОЙ КОРЫ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ ЧАСТИ ОЗЕРА БАЙКАЛ ПО ДАННЫМ ЛОКАЛЬНОЙ СЕЙСМИЧЕСКОЙ ТОМОГРАФИИTHREE-DIMENSIONAL VELOCITY STRUCTURE OF THE CRUST IN CENTRAL LAKE BAIKAL FROM LOCAL SEISMIC TOMOGRAPHYЕпонешниковаЛ. Ю.EponeshnikovaL. Yu.

630090, Новосибирск, пр-т Академика Коптюга, 3,

630090, Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 1

3 Academician Koptyug Ave, Novosibirsk 630090,

1 Pirogov St, Novosibirsk 630090

eponeshnikovalu@ipgg.sbras.ruДучковА. А.DuchkovA. A.

630090, Новосибирск, пр-т Академика Коптюга, 3,

630090, Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 1

3 Academician Koptyug Ave, Novosibirsk 630090,

1 Pirogov St, Novosibirsk 630090

СанжиеваД. П.-Д.SanzhievaD. P.-D.

670047, Улан-Удэ, ул. Сахьяновой, 6а, Республика Бурятия,

670047, Улан-Удэ, ул. Сахьяновой, 6а, Бурятия

6а Sakhyanova St, Ulan-Ude 670047, Republic of Buryatia,

6а Sakhyanova St, Ulan-Ude 670047, Republic of Buryatia

ЯскевичС. В.YaskevichS. V.

664033, Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 128

128 Lermontov St, Irkutsk 664033

 

Институт нефтегазовой геологии и геофизики им. А.А. Трофимука СО РАН; Новосибирский государственный университетРоссияTrofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State UniversityRussian FederationГеологический институт им. Н.Л. Добрецова СО РАН; Бурятский филиал ФИЦ ЕГС РАНРоссияDobretsov Geological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Buryat Branch of the Federal Research Center of the Geophysical Survey, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут земной коры СО РАНРоссияInstitute of the Earth’s Crust, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202317022023141683683Copyright © Епонешникова Л.Ю., Дучков А.А., Санжиева Д.П., Яскевич С.В., 20232023Епонешникова Л.Ю., Дучков А.А., Санжиева Д.П., Яскевич С.В.Eponeshnikova L.Y., Duchkov A.A., Sanzhieva D.P., Yaskevich S.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/1627

Работа посвящена актуальной теме изучения сейсмичности и глубинной структуры земной коры в районе Байкальской рифтовой зоны. В исследовании представлена трехмерная скоростная структура земной коры в центральной части оз. Байкал, полученная по результатам томографической инверсии времен пробега P- и S-волн от более чем 800 сейсмических событий. С помощью синтетических тестов обоснована разрешающая способность алгоритма томографической инверсии. Определена сейсмическая структура коры до глубины 35 км, которая имеет четкую связь с геологическим строением. Получены трехмерные распределения аномалий скоростей сейсмических P- и S-волн, которые согласуются между собой.

Резкие контрасты аномалий могут свидетельствовать о различии в вещественном составе фундамента Центральной Байкальской котловины. На глубинах до 15 км в районе дельты р. Селенги наблюдается сильная низкоскоростная аномалия, что подтверждает наличие мощного осадочного чехла в этой области. В фундаменте (глубина 20 км и более), к северо-востоку от пересечения Дельтового и Фофановского разломов, наблюдается высокоскоростная аномалия, вытянутая в сторону о-ва Ольхон. Данная аномалия, вероятно, отражает жесткий блок в земной коре. На этой же глубине c западной стороны от Байкало-Бугульдейского разлома наблюдается пониженное соотношение Vp/Vs: 1.56–1.65 против 1.70–1.75 в прилежащих областях. Это свидетельствует об отличии породного состава фундамента и наличии здесь консолидированного вещества.

Также в работе была уточнена локализация гипоцентров сейсмических событий для их последующего сопоставления с активными разломными структурами. Для центральной части озера Байкал распределение сейсмичности в основном соответствует глубинам 10–22 км. Под дельтой р. Селенги ситуация меняется (что авторы связывают со сложным взаимодействием разломов) – это единственная область, где сейсмичность наблюдается на глубинах более 22 км.

Обсуждаемые в работе скоростные аномалии ограничены достоверно установленными активными разломами и коррелируют с распределением сейсмичности и газогидратных структур.

This work deals with the importance of studying seismicity and deep structure of the Earth’s crust in the region of the Baikal rift zone. The study presents a three-dimensional velocity structure of the Earth’s crust in the central part of Lake Baikal, obtained from the results of tomographic inversion of the travel times of P- and S-waves from more than 800 seismic events. Synthetic tests provide substantiation for the resolution of the tomographic inversion algorithm. The seismic structure of the crust was obtained to a depth of 35 km and has a direct relationship with the geological structure. The three-dimensional distributions of seismic P- and S-wave velocity anomalies are in good agreement with each other.

The sharp contrast between the anomalies may indicate a difference in the material composition of the basement of the Central Baikal basin. At a 15-km depth below the Selenga River delta, there is observed a strong low-velocity anomaly which confirms the presence of a thick sedimentary cover therein. In the basement (at depths of 20 km or greater), to the northeast of the intersection between the Delta fault and the Fofanov fault, there occurs a high-velocity anomaly elongated towards the Olkhon Island. This anomaly is probably related to a rigid block in the earth’s crust. The same depths, on the western side of the Baikal-Buguldeika fault, show a reduced Vp/Vs ratio: 1.56–1.65 versus 1.70–1.75 in the adjacent areas. This indicates another type of basement rock composition and the presence of consolidated matter there.

Besides, there has been made a more accurate hypocenter determination for further comparison between seismic events and active fault structures. For the central part of Lake Baikal, the distribution of seismicity mainly corresponds to depths of 10–22 km. The situation is different below the Selenga Delta – the only area where seismicity is observed at depths greater than 22 km, – which can be attributed to complex fault interactions.

The velocity anomalies discussed herein are confined to reliably identified active faults and correlate well with the distribution of seismicity and gas hydrate structures.

Байкальская рифтовая зонаЦентральная Байкальская котловиналокальная сейсмичностьсейсмическая томографияземная кораBaikal rift zoneCentral Baikal basinlocal seismicityseismic tomographyEarth’s crustРабота выполнена в рамках проекта НИР АААА-А19-119102490050-2 ИНГГ СО РАН, в рамках государственного задания № 075-01471-22, с использованием данных, полученных на уникальной научной установке «Сейсмоинфразвуковой комплекс мониторинга арктической криолитозоны и комплекс непрерывного сейсмического мониторинга Российской Федерации, сопредельных территорий и мира»The work was done as part of research project АААА-А19-119102490050-2 IGG SB RAS and state assignment 075-01471-22, with the use of the data obtained from the Large-Scale Research Facilities "Seismic and infrasound monitoring of the Arctic cryolite zone and continuous monitoring of the Russian Federation, adjacent areas and the world"ReferencesAchauer U., Masson F., 2002. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.