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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gtcrust</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геодинамика и тектонофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geodynamics &amp; Tectonophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2078-502X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5800/GT-2012-3-2-0068</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gtcrust-159</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОВРЕМЕННАЯ ГЕОДИНАМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RECENT GEODYNAMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ПОСТСЕЙСМИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ В СУБДУКЦИОННЫХ ЗОНАХ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MODELLING OF POSTSEISMIC PROCESSES IN SUBDUCTION ZONES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Владимирова</surname><given-names>Ирина Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vladimirova</surname><given-names>Irina S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>м.н.с,</p><p>249035, Обнинск, пр. Ленина, 189</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher,</p><p>249035, Obninsk, Lenin str., 189</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladis@gsras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Геофизическая служба РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Geophysical Survey RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>167</fpage><lpage>178</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Владимирова И.С., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Владимирова И.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vladimirova I.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/159">https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/159</self-uri><abstract><p>Крупные межплитовые субдукционные землетрясения, как правило, сопровождаются длительными и интенсивными постсейсмическими аномалиями. В настоящей работе в качестве основного механизма, ответственного за возникновение подобных постсейсмических эффектов, рассматривается процесс вязкоупругой релаксации в верхней мантии и астеносфере. Исследование переходных процессов проводится на примере постсейсмических явлений, сопровождающих первое Симуширское землетрясение 15 ноября 2006 г., а также землетрясение Мауле 27 февраля 2010 г.</p><p>Описана методология моделирования процесса вязкоупругой релаксации после крупных межплитовых субдукционных землетрясений. Уточнение априорных параметров выбранной модели, описывающей наблюдаемые постсейсмические эффекты, осуществляется за счет уменьшения невязки между моделируемыми и наблюдаемыми геодезическими методами смещениями земной поверхности при решении соответствующей обратной задачи.</p><p>В соответствии с представленной методологией получены оценки Максвелловской вязкости астеносферы в срединной части Курильской островной дуги, а также в регионе Центрального Чили. Кроме того, получены распределения постсейсмической подвижки в очаге Симуширского землетрясения, Mw=8.3 (рис. 3), а также распределения сейсмической и постсейсмической подвижек в очаге землетрясения Мауле, Mw=8.8 (рис. 6). Результат таких оценок и построений позволяет прогнозировать интенсивность затухания вязкоупругих напряжений в астеносфере. Учет соответствующих аномалий в качестве поправок необходим при анализе межсейсмических деформаций для корректного оценивания накапливающегося упругого сейсмогенного потенциала.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Large intraplate subduction earthquakes are generally accompanied by prolonged and intense postseismic anomalies. In the present work, viscoelastic relaxation in the upper mantle and the asthenosphere is considered as a main mechanism responsible for the occurrence of such postseismic effects. The study of transient processes is performed on the basis of data on postseismic processes accompanying the first Simushir earthquake on 15 November 2006 and Maule earthquake on 27 February 2010.</p><p>The methodology of modelling a viscoelastic relaxation process after a large intraplate subduction earthquake is presented. A priori parameters of the selected model describing observed postseismic effects are adjusted by minimizing deviations between modeled surface displacements and actual surface displacements recorded by geodetic methods through solving corresponding inverse problems.</p><p>The presented methodology yielded estimations of Maxwell’s viscosity of the asthenosphere of the central Kuril Arc and also of the central Chile. Besides, postseismic slip distribution patterns were obtained for the focus of the Simushir earthquake of 15 November 2006 (Mw=8.3) (Figure 3), and distribution patterns of seismic and postseismic slip were determined for the focus of the Maule earthquake of 27 February 2010 (Mw=8.8) (Figure 6). These estimations and patterns can provide for prediction of the intensity of viscoelastic stress attenuation in the asthenosphere; anomalous values should be taken into account as adjustment factors when analyzing inter-seismic deformation in order to ensure correct estimation of the accumulated elastic seismogenic potential.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вязкость</kwd><kwd>астеносфера</kwd><kwd>постсейсмические процессы</kwd><kwd>вязкоупругая релаксация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>viscosity</kwd><kwd>asthenosphere</kwd><kwd>postseismic processes</kwd><kwd>viscoelastic relaxation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Г.М. Стеблов (Геофизическая служба РАН), М.Г. Коган (Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boschi L., Piersanti A., Spada G., 2000. Global postseismic deformation: Deep earthquakes. Journal of Geophysical Research 105 (B1), 631–652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999JB900278.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boschi L., Piersanti A., Spada G., 2000. Global postseismic deformation: Deep earthquakes. Journal of Geophysical Research 105 (B1), 631–652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999JB900278.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burgmann R., Kogan M.G., Levin V.E., Scholz C.H., King R.W., Steblov G.M., 2001. Rapid aseismic moment release following the 5 December, 1997 Kronotsky, Kamchatka, earthquake. 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