gtcrustГеодинамика и тектонофизикаGeodynamics & Tectonophysics2078-502XInstitute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch10.5800/GT-2021-12-3-0534gtcrust-1235Research ArticleТЕКТОНОФИЗИКАTECTONOPHYSICSОБ ИСТОЧНИКЕ ТЕПЛА В ЗОНЕ СУБДУКЦИИON HEAT SOURCE IN SUBDUCTION ZONEКирдяшкинА. А.KirdyashkinA. A.

630090, Новосибирск, пр-т Академика Коптюга, 3

3 Academician Koptyug Ave, Novosibirsk 630090

aak@igm.nsc.ruКирдяшкинА. Г.KirdyashkinA. G.

630090, Новосибирск, пр-т Академика Коптюга, 3

3 Academician Koptyug Ave, Novosibirsk 630090

ДистановВ. Э.DistanovV. E.

630090, Новосибирск, пр-т Академика Коптюга, 3

3 Academician Koptyug Ave, Novosibirsk 630090

ГладковИ. Н.GladkovI. N.

630090, Новосибирск, пр-т Академика Коптюга, 3

3 Academician Koptyug Ave, Novosibirsk 630090

Институт геологии и минералогии им. В.С. Соболева СО РАНРоссияSobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202117092021123471484Copyright © Кирдяшкин А.А., Кирдяшкин А.Г., Дистанов В.Э., Гладков И.Н., 20212021Кирдяшкин А.А., Кирдяшкин А.Г., Дистанов В.Э., Гладков И.Н.Kirdyashkin A.A., Kirdyashkin A.G., Distanov V.E., Gladkov I.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/1235

Рассматривается процесс субдукции океанической литосферной плиты в приближении высоковязкой ньютоновской жидкости. Вблизи границы 670 км происходит растекание плиты в противоположные стороны из-за действия противоположно направленных горизонтальных сил, создающихся вследствие противоположно направленных горизонтальных градиентов температуры. Рассматриваются гидродинамика и теплообмен в слое, движущемся под континент и состоящем из океанической литосферы и корового слоя. Оценен тепловой поток на контакте субдуцирующей плиты с окружающей мантией на континентальном крыле зоны субдукции, и показана возможность плавления корового слоя субдуцирующей плиты и зарождения термохимического плюма на границе 670 км. Представлена модель термохимического плюма в зоне субдукции, включающая образование канала плавления в коровом слое субдуцирующей плиты; формирование первичного очага в области равенства по величине скоростей выплавления канала и субдукции; образование от первичного очага вертикально направленного канала плюма, проплавляющего континент; прорыв плюма на поверхность, т.е. образование вулкана. Представлены результаты экспериментального моделирования выплавления канала плюма в плоском наклонном слое парафина над локальным источником тепла. Представлена гидродинамическая структура расплава в канале плюма. Обнаружено различие в механизме прорыва расплава из канала плюма на поверхность в отсутствие и при наличии газовой подушки у кровли плюма.

The subduction of an oceanic plate is studied as the motion of a high-viscosity Newtonian fluid. The subducting plate spreads along the 670-km depth boundary under the influence of oppositely directed horizontal forces. These forces are due to oppositely directed horizontal temperature gradients. We consider the flow structure and heat transfer in the layer that includes both the oceanic lithosphere and the crust and moves underneath a continent. The heat flow is estimated at the contact between the subducting plate and the surrounding mantle in the continental limb of the subduction zone. Our study results show that the crustal layer of the subducting plate can melt and a thermochemical plume can form at the 670-km boundary. Our model of a thermochemical plume in the subduction zone shows the following: (1) formation of a plume conduit in the crustal layer of the subducting plate; (2) formation of a primary magmatic chamber in the area wherein the melting rate equals the rate of subduction; (3) origination of a vertical plume conduit from the primary chamber melting through the continent; (4) plume eruption through the crustal layer to the surface, i.e. formation of a volcano. Our experiments are aimed to model the plume conduit melting in an inclined flat layer above a local heat source. The melt flow structure in the plume conduit is described. Laboratory modeling have revealed that the mechanisms of melt eruption from the plume conduit differ depending on whether a gas cushion is present or absent at the plume roof.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.