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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gtcrust</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геодинамика и тектонофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geodynamics &amp; Tectonophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2078-502X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5800/GT-2020-11-2-0482</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gtcrust-1040</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕКТОНОФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECTONOPHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ГЕОДИНАМИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ В ПЕРИОД ПОДЪЕМА ПЛЮМА ПРОМЕЖУТОЧНОЙ ТЕПЛОВОЙ МОЩНОСТИ В ЛИТОСФЕРЕ КОНТИНЕНТА И ПРИ ЕГО ПРОРЫВЕ НА ПОВЕРХНОСТЬ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>GEODYNAMIC PROCESSES DURING ASCENT OF A PLUME WITH INTERMEDIATE THERMAL POWER THROUGH THE CONTINENTAL LITHOSPHERE AND DURING ITS ERUPTION ON THE SURFACE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирдяшкин</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirdyashkin</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">aak@igm.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирдяшкин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirdyashkin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">aak@igm.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дистанов</surname><given-names>В. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Distanov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">dist@igm.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гладков</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gladkov</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">kir@igm.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт геологии и минералогии им. В.С. Соболева СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>397</fpage><lpage>416</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кирдяшкин А.Г., Кирдяшкин А.А., Дистанов В.Э., Гладков И.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кирдяшкин А.Г., Кирдяшкин А.А., Дистанов В.Э., Гладков И.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kirdyashkin A.G., Kirdyashkin A.A., Distanov V.E., Gladkov I.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/1040">https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/1040</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматриваются мантийные термохимические плюмы промежуточной тепловой мощности (1.15&lt;Ka&lt;1.9). На основе имеющихся данных лабораторного моделирования плюмов представлена структура течения в расплаве канала плюма, поднявшегося от границы ядро – мантия к подошве континентальной литосферы. Движение кровли плюма вверх в литосфере происходит вследствие плавления вещества литосферы на кровле плюма и силового воздействия сверхлитостатического давления на кровлю. Воздействие сверхлитостатического давления вызывает движение в массиве литосферы над кровлей плюма, которое проявляется поднятием дневной поверхности над плюмом. По мере выплавления плюма в литосфере высота поднятия возрастает до того момента, когда плюм достигает уровня xкр, на котором образуется канал излияния.</p><p>Представлены зависимости скорости подъема (выплавления) плюма uпл и скорости подъема шарообразной кровли плюма U под воздействием сверхлитостатического давления от глубины расположения кровли. Получены зависимости скорости подъема поверхности над плюмом и максимальной высоты подъема от динамической вязкости массива литосферы над кровлей плюма. Представлена высота поднятия поверхности, образующегося под действием плюма, поднимающегося в литосфере, для различных моментов времени t при различной вязкости литосферы.</p><p>Представлены результаты экспериментального моделирования структуры течения в области сопряжения канала плюма и канала излияния. Получены фотографии картин течения в плоскости, проходящей через оси модельных канала плюма и канала излияния, и в том случае, когда плоскость светового ножа перпендикулярна осевой плоскости. С использованием этих фотографий найдены скорости течения в канале плюма и канале излияния, определены соответствующие числа Рейнольдса и режимы течения. Для плюмов промежуточной мощности найдено отношение динамического давления расплава в канале излияния к динамическому давлению в канале плюма. Получено соотношение, определяющее скорость течения в канале излияния в зависимости от сверхлитостатического давления в расплаве у кровли плюма, диаметра канала плюма и кинематической вязкости расплава. Определена скорость течения расплава в канале излияния для различных кинематических вязкостей расплава.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study is focused on thermochemical mantle plumes with intermediate thermal power (1.15 &lt; Ka &lt; 1.9). Previously we have shown that these plumes are diamondiferous. Based on the laboratory modeling data, the flow structure of a melt in a plume conduit is represented. A plume melts out and ascends from the core – mantle boundary to the bottom of the continental lithosphere. The plume roof moves upwards in the lithosphere because of melting of the lithospheric matter at the plume roof and due to the effect of superlithostatic pressure on the roof, which causes motion in the lithosphere block above the plume roof. The latter manifests itself by uplifting of the ground surface above the plume. As the plume ascends through the lithosphere, the elevation of the surface increases until the plume ascends to critical level xкр, where an eruption conduit is formed. In our model, plume ascent velocity uпл is the rate of melting at the plume roof. Values of uпл and the ascent velocity of a spherical plume roof due to superlithostatic pressure U are calculated. Relationships are found between these velocities and the plume roof depth. The dependence of the velocity of the surface’s rise on the dynamic viscosity of the lithosphere block above the plume is obtained. A relationship is determined between the maximum surface elevation and the lithosphere viscosity. The elevation values are determined for different times and different lithosphere viscosities.</p><p>The results of laboratory modeling of flow structure at the plume conduit/eruption conduit interface are presented. The flow was photographed (1) in the plane passing through the axes of the plume conduit and the eruption conduit; and (2) in case of the line-focus beam perpendicular to the axial plane. The photographs were used for measuring the flow velocities in the plume conduit and the eruption conduit. Corresponding Reynolds numbers and flow regimes are determined. The relation of dynamic pressure in the eruption conduit to that in the plume conduit is found for intermediate-power plumes. The melt flow velocity in the eruption conduit depends on superlithostatic pressure on the plume roof, plume diameter and kinematic viscosity of the melt. Its values are determined for different kinematic viscosities of melt.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>термохимический плюм</kwd><kwd>тепловая мощность</kwd><kwd>канал плюма</kwd><kwd>кровля плюма</kwd><kwd>скорость подъема</kwd><kwd>сверхлитостатическое давление</kwd><kwd>высота поднятия</kwd><kwd>канал излияния</kwd><kwd>расплав</kwd><kwd>кинематическая вязкость</kwd><kwd>скорость течения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thermochemical plume</kwd><kwd>thermal power</kwd><kwd>plume conduit</kwd><kwd>plume roof</kwd><kwd>superlithostatic pressure</kwd><kwd>ascent velocity</kwd><kwd>surface elevation</kwd><kwd>eruption conduit</kwd><kwd>melt</kwd><kwd>kinematic viscosity</kwd><kwd>flow velocity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена по государственному заданию ИГМ СО РАН при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was carried out under the state assignment of Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS and financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Atikinson E., Pryde R., 2006. 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