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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gtcrust</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геодинамика и тектонофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geodynamics &amp; Tectonophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2078-502X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5800/GT-2013-4-1-0088</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gtcrust-1</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕКТОНОФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECTONOPHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПЕРВЫЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ВРЕМЕННЫХ ВАРИАЦИЙ ЭМАНАЦИОННОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ РАЗЛОМОВ ЗАПАДНОГО ПРИБАЙКАЛЬЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE FIRST RESULTS OF STUDIES OF TEMPORARY VARIATIONS IN SOILRADON ACTIVITY OF FAULTS IN WESTERN PRIBAIKALIE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семинский</surname><given-names>К. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seminsky</surname><given-names>К. Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. геол.мин. наук, зав. лабораторией тектонофизики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Geology and Mineralogy, Head of Laboratory of Tectonophysics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">seminsky@crust.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobrov</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. геол.-мин. наук, м.н.с.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Geology and Mineralogy, Junior Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexbob@crust.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт земной коры СО РАН, Иркутск, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of the Earth’s Crust, Siberian Branch of RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>1</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семинский К.Ж., Бобров А.А., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семинский К.Ж., Бобров А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Seminsky К.Z., Bobrov А.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/1">https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/1</self-uri><abstract><p>Концентрация радона в почвенном воздухе варьируется в зависимости от внешних (планетарных) и внутренних (геодинамических) по отношению к Земле факторов, причем в зонах активных разломов газовые эманации меняются наиболее интенсивно. Для оценки характера временных вариаций объемной активности подпочвенного радона (Q) в разломах Байкальского рифта была организована постоянно действующая мониторинговая станция в окрестностях пос. Тырган (Западное Прибайкалье). Она принадлежит к зоне крупнейшего Приморского сброса и оборудована радиометром радона РРА01М03, который позволяет каждые 85 мин фиксировать величину Q, а также серию метеопараметров (атмосферное давление, влажность, температура воздуха).</p><p>Материалом для анализа послужили результаты двух измерительных сессий продолжительностью 148 и 66 суток, которые охватили ту часть года, в течение которой в условиях холодного климата Восточной Сибири возможны полевые измерения параметра Q. Судя по данным мониторинга, вариации объемной активности радона в зоне Приморского сброса в течение периода весналетоосень могут составлять более одного порядка данной величины и являются колебательными по типу. Существенное изменение проницаемости во времени обусловлено интенсивными изменениями напряженного состояния горного массива под воздействием планетарных и геодинамических факторов. Влияние первой группы факторов выражается в синхронных колебаниях объемной активности радона и атмосферного давления, которые происходят в противофазе. Преобладание суточных и четырехсуточных периодов свидетельствует, что на напряженном состоянии горного массива сказываются лунные приливы и циклонические явления, связанные с взаимодействием ЗемляСолнце. Влияние второй группы факторов выражается в отчетливой связи эманаций радона с проявлениями сейсмической активности, в т.ч. и с катастрофическим землетрясением в Японии (11.03.2011 г.; М=9.0).</p><p>Внешние и внутренние факторы действуют совместно, но их роль в вариациях объемной активности радона различна в отдельные отрезки времени. Большую часть периода наблюдений выход радона контролируют планетарные факторы. Эксхаляция усиливается и уменьшается в соответствии с периодическими колебаниями атмосферного давления, которые, кроме «насосного эффекта», могут приводить к раскрытию или закрытию пор и трещин в горных породах. При этом в периоды уменьшения внешнего давления происходит частичная разрядка внутренних напряжений посредством сравнительно слабых землетрясений. Руководящее воздействие атмосферного давления на выход радона нарушается, когда в результате интенсивных движений по разломам в Байкальском рифте или резких подвижек плит в смежных активных зонах (например, в связи с сильнейшим землетрясением в Японии) внутренние напряжения превышают определенный уровень. В эти сравнительно короткие периоды времени, отличающиеся повышением сейсмической активности, влияние тектонических напряжений на проницаемость и выход радона становится определяющим.</p><p>Таким образом, анализ мониторинговых измерений объемной активности подпочвенного радона на примере локального участка в зоне Приморского сброса позволил впервые для Прибайкалья выявить и отразить в рамках теоретической модели принципиальные особенности вариаций параметра Q во времени и их зависимость от внешних и внутренних факторов. Перспективы этих исследований связаны с созданием сети мониторинговых станций на территории Байкальского рифта и получением более длинных рядов наблюдений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Radon concentrations in soil air are variable depending on factors that are considered external (planetary) and internal (geodynamic) relative to the Earth. In active fault zones, variations of gas emanations are most intense. A permanent monitoring station was established near Tyrgan settlement in Western Pribaikalie to study temporal variations of soil radon concentration, Q, in the faults of the Baikal rift, East Siberia. This station is located in the zone of the Primorsky normal fault that is the largest in the region. The station is equipped with radon radiometer PPA01M03 that records Q values every 85 minutes and also monitors a number of meteorological parameters, including atmospheric pressure, humidity, and air temperature.We analysed records of two measurement sessions (148 and 66 days) covering a part of the year during which field measurement of Q are possible in the cold climate conditions of the area under study. According to the available monitoring data, variations of radon concentrations in the Primorsky fault zone may vary by more than one order of magnitude through a springsummerautumn period, and such variations are oscillatory. Significant changes of permeability in time occur due to intensive changes in the state of stresses of the rock massives under the impacts of the planetary and geodynamic factors. The influence of the first group of factors, i.e. planetary ones, is manifested by synchronous oscillations of radon concentrations and atmospheric pressure, which phases of occurrence are opposed. Domination of daily and fourday periods gives evidence that the state of stresses of the rock massives is impacted by the lunar tides and cyclonic phenomena associated with the interaction between the Earth and the Sun. The influence of the second group of factors, i.e. geodynamic ones, is suggested by an evident relation between radon emanations and seismic events, including the catastrophic earthquake in Japan (March 11, 2011, M=9.0).TectonophysicsThe external and internal factors are acting together, but their roles are different with regard to variations of radon concentrations in different periods of time. In the monitoring periods, radon emanation variations were mainly controlled by the planetary factors. Radon exhalation increases and decreases according to periodic variations in atmospheric pressure, which, in additional to ‘pumping’ effects, may lead to opening/closure of pores and cracks in the rocks. While external pressures are reduced, internal stresses are released by relatively weak earthquakes. The guiding influence of atmospheric pressure on the yield of radon is disturbed when internal stresses are in excess of a certain level due to intensive movements along faults in the Baikal rift or displacements of plates in neighbouring active zones (for example, due to the strongest earthquake in Japan). In such relatively short periods of time, when seismic activity is increased, the influence of tectonic stresses on permeability of rocks and radon emanations becomes dominant.Based on our analysis of the measurements of soil radon concentrations obtained on the local site in the Primorsky fault zone through the monitoring period, it became possible, for the first time for Pribaikalie, to reveal and theoretically model the principal specific features of variation of soil radon concentrations, Q, in time and the dependence of such variations on the external and internal factors. Prospects of these studies are related to installation of a network of monitoring stations in the territory of the Baikal rift and assurance of longterm monitoring sessions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>радон</kwd><kwd>мониторинг</kwd><kwd>разломы</kwd><kwd>Байкальский рифт</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>radon</kwd><kwd>monitoring</kwd><kwd>faults</kwd><kwd>Baikal rift</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">AlBataina B.A., AlTaj M.M., Atallah M.Y., 2005. Relation between radon concentrations and morphotectonics of the Dead Sea transform in Wadi Araba, Jordan. Radiation Measurements 40 (2–6), 539–543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas. 2005.06.023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">AlBataina B.A., AlTaj M.M., Atallah M.Y., 2005. 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